ASTM C1819-21 PDF
Standard Test Method for Hoop Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramic Composite Tubular Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature Using Elastomeric Inserts
Standard Test Method for Hoop Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramic Composite Tubular Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature Using Elastomeric Inserts
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 19
- Дата публикации:
- 1 июля 2021 г.
- Издание:
- C1819
- ICS:
- 81.060.30
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method (also known as overhung tube method) may be used for material development, material comparison, material screening, material down selection, and quality assurance. This test method is not recommended for material characterization, design data generation, material model verification/validation, or combinations thereof. 5.2 Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) are composed of continuous ceramic-fiber directional (1D, 2D, and 3D) reinforcements in a fine-grain-sized ( 5.3 CFCC components have a distinctive and synergistic combination of material properties, interface coatings, porosity control, composite architecture (1D, 2D, and 3D), and geometric shape that are generally inseparable. Prediction of the mechanical performance of CFCC tubes (particularly with braid and 3D weave architectures) cannot be made by applying measured properties from flat CFCC plates to the design of tubes. In particular, tubular components comprised of CMCs material form a unique synergistic combination of material and geometric shape that are generally inseparable. In other words, prediction of mechanical performance of CMC tubes generally cannot be made by using properties measured from flat plates. Strength tests of internally pressurized CMC tubes provide information on mechanical behavior and strength for a multiaxially stressed material. 5.4 Unlike monolithic advanced ceramics which fracture catastrophically from a single dominant flaw, CMCs generally experience “graceful” fracture from a cumulative damage process. Therefore, while the volume of material subjected to a uniform hoop tensile stress for a single uniformly pressurized tube test may be a significant factor for determining matrix cracking stress, this same volume may not be as significant a factor in determining the ultimate strength of a CMC. However, the probabilistic nature of the strength distributions of the brittle matrices of CMCs requires a statistically significant numb... SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hoop tensile strength including stress-strain response of continuous fiber-reinforced advanced ceramic tubes subjected to an internal pressure produced by the expansion of an elastomeric insert undergoing monotonic uniaxial loading at ambient temperature. This type of test configuration is sometimes referred to as an overhung tube. This test method is specific to tube geometries because flaw populations, fiber architecture, and specimen geometry factors are often distinctly different in composite tubes, as compared to flat plates. 1.2 In the test method a composite tube/cylinder with a defined gage section and a known wall thickness is loaded via internal pressurization from the radial expansion of an elastomeric insert (located midway inside the tube) that is longitudinally compressed from either end by pushrods. The elastomeric insert expands under the uniaxial compressive loading of the pushrods and exerts a uniform radial pressure on the inside of the tube. The resulting hoop stress-strain response of the composite tube is recorded until failure of the tube. The hoop tensile strength and the hoop fracture strength are determined from the resulting maximum pressure and the pressure at fracture, respectively. The hoop tensile strains, the hoop proportional limit stress, and the modulus of elasticity in the hoop direction are determined from the stress-strain data. Note that hoop tensile strength as used in this test method refers to the tensile strength in the hoop direction from the induced pressure of a monotonic, uniaxially loaded elastomeric insert, where “monotonic” refers to a continuous, nonstop test rate without reversals from test initiation to final fracture. 1.3 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic matrix composite tubes with continuous fiber reinforcement: unidirectional (1D, filament wound and tape lay-up), bidirectional (2D, fabr...
Abstract
Overview
ASTM C1819-21 is the Standard Test Method for Hoop Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramic Composite Tubular Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature Using Elastomeric Inserts. Developed by ASTM International, this standard describes a method for determining the hoop tensile strength and stress-strain response of continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composite tubes (CFCCs) when subjected to internal pressure. This is achieved by the expansion of an elastomeric insert under monotonic uniaxial loading at ambient temperature - a procedure also known as the overhung tube method.
This test method is vital for material development, comparisons, screening, down selection, and quality assurance, particularly for advanced ceramic matrix composite tubes designed with one-, two-, or three-dimensional fiber architectures (1D, 2D, or 3D).
Key Topics
- Hoop Tensile Strength Testing: The method defines how to measure the tensile strength in the circumferential (hoop) direction of ceramic composite tubes under internal pressure.
- Test Specimen Geometry: Emphasizes the importance of geometry, fiber architecture, flaw populations, and wall thickness in tube strength testing, differentiating tubes from flat plate specimens.
- Elastomeric Insert Expansion: Describes the use of elastomeric inserts, which, when compressed, expand radially inside the tube, thereby inducing uniform internal pressure, essential for accurate stress-strain measurement.
- Ambient Temperature Application: Testing is performed at ambient temperature; high temperature testing requires modifications not addressed in this standard.
- Material-Specific Approach: Outlines that the mechanical behavior of ceramic composite tubes, especially those with complex architectures (like braids or 3D weaves), cannot be inferred from flat specimens.
- Damage Mechanics: Notes the "graceful" failure of ceramic matrix composites, which undergo cumulative damage rather than catastrophic single-flaw failure, typical of monolithic ceramics.
- Data Collection and Analysis: Specifies requirements for measurement tools, data recording, and the minimum number of tests for statistical reliability.
Applications
ASTM C1819-21 serves several practical applications in engineering and advanced materials qualification:
- Material Development: Assists manufacturers in evaluating new CFCC tubular products by providing a standardized method for comparing materials.
- Quality Assurance: Used in quality control to indicate material performance and detect inconsistencies in manufacturing.
- Material Screening & Down Selection: Efficient for preliminary selection of materials prior to in-depth characterization or major component design.
- Component Validation: Offers a test regime for tubular products employed in industries such as aerospace, energy generation, and high-performance filtration, where precise hoop strength characterization under pressure is crucial.
- Process Optimization: Supports understanding the impact of fiber architecture, processing methods, and interface coatings on final product performance.
Note: This standard is not intended for generating design data, model validation, or complete material characterization.
Related Standards
For comprehensive understanding and effective use, several referenced ASTM standards should be consulted alongside ASTM C1819-21:
- ASTM C1145: Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
- ASTM D3878: Terminology for Composite Materials
- ASTM C1239: Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data and Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters for Advanced Ceramics
- ASTM E4: Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
- ASTM E83: Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
- ASTM E6: Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
These complementary standards ensure accuracy in testing, data reporting, and terminology consistency in the field of advanced ceramics and composites.
Keywords: ASTM C1819-21, hoop tensile strength, ceramic matrix composites, continuous fiber reinforced, tubular specimen, elastomeric insert, ambient temperature, advanced ceramics testing, CFCC, composite tube testing.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- C28 - Advanced Ceramics
- SKU
- ASTM C1819-21
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