ASTM D1836-07(2021) PDF

Overview

ASTM D1836-07(2021): Standard Specification for Commercial Hexanes defines quality requirements for commercial hexanes used across multiple industries, including adhesives, coatings, printing inks, chemical synthesis, and extraction processes. Developed by ASTM International, this standard ensures that commercial hexanes meet rigorous benchmarks for physical and chemical properties, promoting safety, consistency, and suitability for industrial applications.

Commercial hexanes described in this specification are characterized by their purity and performance, making them essential solvents and intermediates in manufacturing and laboratory settings. The standard outlines properties such as aniline point, specific gravity, bromine index, color, distillation range, nonvolatile matter, odor, sulfur content, and benzene content.

Key Topics

• Specification Scope: Covers a range of hexanes primarily used as solvents and chemical intermediates in industrial processes.
• Physical and Chemical Properties: Includes stringent requirements for:
  • Aniline point
  • Apparent specific gravity
  • Bromine index
  • Color (Pt-Co and Saybolt scales)
  • Distillation range (initial boiling point and dry point)
  • Kauri-butanol value
  • Nonvolatile matter content
  • Odor (non-residual)
  • Sulfur content
  • Benzene content
• Measurement and Testing: All properties are determined using established ASTM test methods, ensuring accuracy, repeatability, and international acceptance.
• Sampling and Reporting: References practices for representative sampling (ASTM E300) and the use of significant digits for reporting results.
• Safety and Environmental Considerations: Emphasizes user responsibility for safety, health, and regulatory compliance, including consulting relevant safety data sheets.

Applications

Commercial hexanes conforming to ASTM D1836-07(2021) are widely utilized in areas such as:

• Adhesive and Coating Manufacture: Used as solvent carriers to ensure optimal application and drying of glues, sealants, paints, and finishes.
• Printing Ink Formulation: Serve as an essential solvent for modern printing inks, ensuring print quality and efficient drying times.
• Chemical Synthesis: Act as reactants or solvents in industrial organic chemical reactions, supporting the production of pharmaceuticals, polymers, and agrochemicals.
• Extraction Processes: Preferred for their purity and specific physicochemical characteristics in extraction operations such as edible oil processing and analytical procedures.
• Laboratory and Analytical Uses: Employed for solvent extraction, sample purification, and as a carrier in chromatographic techniques.

The specification’s focus on purity and defined limits for impurities (e.g., benzene and sulfur) minimizes health, safety, and environmental risks while supporting product performance.

Related Standards

To support consistent quality and interoperability, ASTM D1836-07(2021) references several related ASTM standards for testing and specification:

• ASTM D611: Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
• ASTM D1078: Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
• ASTM D1133: Test Method for Kauri-Butanol Value of Hydrocarbon Solvents
• ASTM D1209 / D156 / D5386: Test Methods for Color of Clear Liquids (Pt-Co and Saybolt Scales, Tristimulus Colorimetry)
• ASTM D1353: Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in Volatile Solvents
• ASTM D2710: Test Method for Bromine Index
• ASTM D3120: Test Method for Sulfur in Light Liquid Hydrocarbons
• ASTM E29: Practice for Using Significant Digits to Determine Conformance with Specifications
• ASTM E300: Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals

For packaging compliance, the standard refers to U.S. Federal Specification PPP-C-2020.

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