ASTM D4992-22 PDF
Standard Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
Standard Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 8
- Дата публикации:
- 1 января 2022 г.
- Издание:
- D4992
- ICS:
- 91.100.15
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 The field examination, sampling, and petrographic examination in this practice along with appropriate laboratory testing may be used to determine the suitability of rock for erosion control. Factors to consider include identification and delineation of areas or zones of the rock, beds, and facies of unsuitable or marginal composition and properties due to weathering, alteration, structural weaknesses, porosity, and other potentially deleterious characteristics. 4.2 Evaluate both the rock mass properties and the rock material properties. 4.2.1 The rock mass properties are the lithologic properties of the in situ rock that are evaluated on a macroscopic scale in the field. These properties include features such as fractures, joints, faults, bedding, schistosity, and lineations, as well as the lateral and vertical extent of the rock unit. 4.2.2 The rock material properties are those lithologic properties that may be evaluated using small specimens and thus can be subject to meaningful laboratory testing. These properties would include mineral composition, grain size, rock hardness, degree of weathering, porosity, unit weight, and many others. 4.3 Rock proposed for use in erosion control applications are normally classified as either filter bedding stone, riprap stone, armor stone, or breakwater stone. However, these procedures may be also extended to rocks used in groin and gabion structures. 4.4 In cases in which only stockpile samples are to be obtained for laboratory testing, a full quarry geological examination may not be required. It is the responsibility of the specifier of this standard to indicate which sections of this Practice apply to the specific project. Note 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent upon the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and obj... SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of rock to be used for erosion control. The complexity and extent of this evaluation will be governed by the size and design requirements of the individual project, the quantity and quality of rock required, and the potential risk for property damage or loss of human life. 1.2 It is not intended that all of the evaluations listed in this practice be addressed for every project. For some small, less critical jobs, a visual inspection of the rock may be all that is necessary. Several of the evaluations listed may be necessary on large, complex, high-hazard projects. It is the responsibility of the designer to determine the intensity and number of evaluations made on any one project. 1.3 Examination of the rock at the source, evaluation of similar rock exposed to the environment at any field installations, as well as laboratory tests may be necessary to determine the properties of the rock as related to its predicted performance at the site of intended use (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).2 1.4 The examination of the rock at its source is essential to its evaluation for erosion control and aids in the planning of the subsequent laboratory examinations. Very large pieces of rock up to several tons weight are used in the control of erosion; take great care with the field descriptions and in the sampling program to assure that zones of impurities or weaknesses that might not occur in ordinary size specimens are recorded and evaluated for their deleterious potential under the conditions of intended use. It is necessary that the intended method of rock removal be studied to ascertain whether the samples taken will correspond to the blasting, handling, and weathering history of the rock that will finally be used (3). 1.5 The specific procedures employed in the laboratory examinations depend on the kind of rock, its characteristics, mineral components, macro and micro structure, and perhaps mo...
Abstract
Overview
ASTM D4992-22: Standard Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control provides comprehensive guidance on assessing the suitability of rock materials intended for erosion control applications. Developed by ASTM International, this standard outlines best practices for field examination, sampling procedures, petrographic analysis, and laboratory testing to determine both the rock mass and rock material properties. Its purpose is to ensure that rocks used for structures like riprap, armor stone, breakwaters, groins, and gabions are durable, reliable, and appropriate for preventing erosion in various environmental conditions.
By adhering to ASTM D4992-22, professionals in civil engineering, geology, and construction can make informed decisions, mitigate risks, and optimize project outcomes by using high-quality materials tailored to the specific requirements of their erosion control projects.
Key Topics
- Field and Laboratory Evaluation: The standard details procedures for both in-situ (field) examinations of rock mass properties and laboratory analysis of rock material properties. This dual approach helps to identify features such as fractures, joints, porosity, mineral composition, and weathering effects that could influence the rock's performance in erosion control settings.
- Sampling Strategies: Proper sampling is emphasized, including guidance on collecting representative samples from various geological zones and ensuring that sample size and orientation reflect the actual material to be used in placement.
- Types of Stones: Rocks are typically classified for use as filter bedding stone, riprap stone, armor stone, and breakwater stone, but the standard’s procedures also apply to stones used in groin and gabion structures.
- Assessment of Suitability: The standard allows for visual inspections in smaller, low-risk projects and encourages thorough evaluations-including petrographic examinations and laboratory tests such as soundness, absorption, durability, and abrasion resistance-for large or high-risk installations.
- Reporting Requirements: Guidance is provided on documenting findings, including test data, descriptions of the rock units, and recommendations for material use or further investigation.
Applications
ASTM D4992-22 is widely used in the following practical contexts:
- Design and Construction of Erosion Control Structures: Ensuring that selected rock materials possess adequate durability to withstand environmental stressors such as water flow, freeze-thaw cycles, and weathering processes.
- Risk Mitigation: Evaluating potential hazards and ensuring public safety by selecting appropriate rock types for projects with significant property or life safety considerations.
- Material Sourcing: Assisting project owners, designers, and contractors in identifying and qualifying suitable rock sources, whether from quarries or stockpiles, for use in shoreline, embankment, river, and coastal protection works.
- Quality Assurance: Providing a baseline for uniformity and repeatability in evaluating rock materials, facilitating consistent performance, and meeting regulatory or owner requirements.
Related Standards
ASTM D4992-22 references and aligns with several important ASTM standards in the field of rock and aggregate testing, including:
- ASTM D3740: Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
- ASTM D6473: Test Method for Specific Gravity and Absorption of Rock for Erosion Control
- ASTM D5240/D5240M: Test Method for Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Using Sulfate Solutions
- ASTM D5312/D5312M: Test Method for Durability of Rock Under Freezing and Thawing Conditions
- ASTM D5313/D5313M: Test Method for Durability of Rock Under Wetting and Drying Conditions
- ASTM C295/C295M: Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
- ASTM C535: Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact
Using ASTM D4992-22 in conjunction with these related standards ensures a robust, multi-faceted evaluation of rock intended for erosion control, supporting optimal design, construction, and long-term performance of critical infrastructure.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- D18 - Soil and Rock
- SKU
- ASTM D4992-22
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