ASTM D5134-21 PDF
Standard Test Method for Detailed Analysis of Petroleum Naphthas through n-Nonane by Capillary Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Detailed Analysis of Petroleum Naphthas through n-Nonane by Capillary Gas Chromatography
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 12
- Дата публикации:
- 1 декабря 2021 г.
- Издание:
- D5134
- ICS:
- 71.080.10
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 A knowledge of the hydrocarbon components comprising a petroleum naphtha, reformate, or alkylate is useful in valuation of crude oils, in alkylation and reforming process control, in product quality assessment, and for regulatory purposes. Detailed hydrocarbon composition is also used as input in the mathematical modeling of refinery processes. 5.2 Separation of naphtha components by the procedure described in this test method can result in some peaks that represent coeluting compounds. This test method cannot attribute relative concentrations to the coelutants. In the absence of supporting information, use of the results of this test method for purposes which require such attribution is not recommended. SCOPE 1.1 This detailed hydrocarbon analysis (DHA) test method covers the determination of hydrocarbon components paraffins, naphthenes, and monoaromatics (PNA) of petroleum naphthas as enumerated in Table 1. Components eluting after n-nonane (bp 150.8 °C) are determined as a single group. 1.2 This test method is applicable to olefin-free (D1319 or D6839. The hydrocarbon mixture must have a 98 % point of 250 °C or less as determined by Test Method D3710 or D7096 or equivalent. 1.3 Components that are present at the 0.05 % by mass level or greater can be determined. 1.4 This test method may not be completely accurate for PNA above carbon number C7; Test Method D5443 or D6839 may be used to verify or complement the results of this test method for carbon numbers >C7. 1.5 Detailed hydrocarbon components in olefin containing samples may be determined by DHA Test Methods D6729, D6730, or D6733. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 8. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Abstract
Overview
ASTM D5134-21: Standard Test Method for Detailed Analysis of Petroleum Naphthas through n-Nonane by Capillary Gas Chromatography provides a standardized approach for determining the detailed hydrocarbon composition of petroleum naphthas, reformates, and alkylates. Using capillary gas chromatography, this method identifies and quantifies paraffins, naphthenes, and monoaromatics (PNA) up to n-nonane, enabling improved process control, quality assessment, and regulatory compliance in petroleum refining and product valuation.
Key Topics
- Hydrocarbon Component Analysis: The method separates, identifies, and quantifies hydrocarbons in petroleum naphthas, focusing on paraffins, naphthenes, and monoaromatics eluting up to n-nonane. Components after n-nonane are reported as a grouped sum.
- Capillary Gas Chromatography: Utilizes a highly specified capillary column and flame ionization detection to deliver reproducible retention times and resolution, minimizing interpretive errors and ensuring result comparability.
- Method Applicability: Designed for olefin-free liquid hydrocarbon mixtures, including virgin naphthas, reformates, and alkylates with a 98% point of 250°C or less. For samples containing olefins or those with higher carbon numbers, alternative or complementary methods are recommended.
- Quantitative and Qualitative Data: Determines components present at 0.05% mass or higher, providing both mass percent and identity. Coeluting compounds may present as single peaks; this method does not differentiate their individual concentrations.
- Precision and Limitations: Offers clear guidelines on repeatability and reproducibility for selected representative naphtha components. Strict adherence to method conditions is critical for accurate peak identification and quantification.
- Safety and Regulatory Compliance: Includes recommendations for safe handling, analysis, and environmental considerations associated with hydrocarbon volatile materials.
Applications
- Refinery Process Control: Supports process optimization in alkylation and reforming by providing detailed hydrocarbon composition data.
- Product Quality Assessment: Essential for evaluating and certifying gasoline blending streams, ensuring compliance with specifications and performance requirements.
- Valuation of Crude Oils and Feedstocks: Detailed hydrocarbon profiles enable more accurate valuation and selection of feedstocks for refining and petrochemical processing.
- Regulatory Reporting: Facilitates reporting of detailed hydrocarbon data for environmental and regulatory submission, supporting compliance with both national and international standards.
- Refinery Modeling: Supplies key input data for mathematical modeling of refinery processes, improving yield predictions and process efficiency.
Related Standards
Several ASTM standards complement or support ASTM D5134-21:
- ASTM D1319: Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
- ASTM D3710, D7096: Boiling Range Distribution of Gasoline and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography
- ASTM D5443, D6839: Multi-dimensional Gas Chromatography Methods for Hydrocarbon Analysis
- ASTM D6729, D6730, D6733: Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Capillary High-Resolution Gas Chromatography
- ASTM D4057, D3700: Practices for Sampling Petroleum and Petroleum Products
- ASTM E355, E594: Gas Chromatography Terminology, Flame Ionization Detector Testing
Practical Value
ASTM D5134-21 equips laboratories, refineries, and regulatory agencies with a clear, consistent methodology for hydrocarbon analysis in petroleum naphthas, supporting critical activities such as process control, product quality, compliance, and technical reporting. By standardizing column specifications and operating conditions, the method ensures consistent, reliable hydrocarbon data, essential for fuel blending, process optimization, and meeting environmental standards. Its precise, reproducible protocols make it a cornerstone of modern petroleum laboratory analysis.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
- SKU
- ASTM D5134-21
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