ASTM D5494-93(2023) PDF

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 The pyramid method of puncture resistance is an index test for the determination of the puncture resistance of unprotected geomembranes or geomembranes protected with nonwoven geotextiles and other puncture-protective geosynthetics. 5.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to establish an index value of puncture resistance by providing standard criteria and a basis for uniform reporting. 5.2 This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of geomembranes and geomembranes protected with nonwoven geotextiles; however, caution is advised since information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. SCOPE 1.1 The test method is to be used as an index test to determine the pyramid puncture resistance of geomembranes and, or both, geomembranes protected by nonwoven geotextiles and other puncture-protective geosynthetics. 1.2 The test method measures the increase of the pyramid puncture resistance due to the use of protective nonwoven geotextiles with geomembranes. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.