ASTM D6473/D6473M-24 PDF
Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity and Absorption of Rock for Erosion Control
Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity and Absorption of Rock for Erosion Control
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 6
- Дата публикации:
- 15 января 2024 г.
- Издание:
- D6473/D6473M
- ICS:
- 13.080.01
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 Rock for erosion control is composed of pieces of natural rock that are placed on construction projects, shorelines, streambeds, bridge abutments, pilings, and other structures to minimize the effects of erosion. The ability of rock to withstand deterioration from weathering affects both the effectiveness of the project and its cost. The specific gravity and absorption of rock provide useful information that can be used in evaluating the durability of the rock as well as its resistance to movement by water. 5.2 The absorption of water into rock may affect its durability under freezing conditions and salt crystallization conditions. In addition, the absorption test has been used as an index test in determining whether additional tests are needed to evaluate the durability of a rock. 5.3 Test specimens equal in size to the proposed design size would provide the best correlations between laboratory tests and actual field performance, however this is usually neither practical nor economically feasible. 5.4 The results of these tests are not to be used as the sole basis for determination of rock durability, and shall be used in conjunction with the results of other tests. 5.5 These test methods have been used to evaluate different types of rocks. There have been rare occasions when test results have provided data that have not agreed with the durability of rock under actual field conditions. For example, some rocks with low absorption values have fragmented in actual usage and some with high absorption values have proven to be durable. Note 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies which meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure r... SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific gravity and absorption of rock for erosion control. The specific gravity may be expressed as bulk specific gravity or apparent specific gravity. Bulk specific gravity and absorption are based on a 24 ± 4-h soaking time for the rock specimens tested. This test is appropriate for breakwater stone, armor stone, riprap, and gabion sized rock materials, or similar. 1.2 The use of reclaimed concrete and other materials is beyond the scope of this test method. 1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In the system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the units for mass is slugs. The slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma) calculations are involved. 1.3.2 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This practice implicitly combines two separate systems of units; the absolute and the gravitational systems. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. As stated, this standard includes the gravitational system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the slug unit of mass. However, the use of balances and scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. 1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard. 1...
Abstract
Overview
ASTM D6473/D6473M-24: Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity and Absorption of Rock for Erosion Control provides a standardized procedure for determining the specific gravity and water absorption of natural rock materials used in erosion control applications. Developed by ASTM International, this standard is crucial for ensuring the durability, stability, and suitability of large stone materials such as riprap, armor stone, breakwater stone, and gabion fill stone used in construction and environmental protection.
By assessing properties such as bulk and apparent specific gravity and percent absorption, engineers can better predict rock performance, select appropriate materials for erosion control, and safeguard long-term project success. The test method applies to rock sourced directly from quarries, outcrops, or drill core and does not cover materials like reclaimed concrete.
Key Topics
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Specific Gravity Determination: The standard details methods for measuring bulk specific gravity (including saturated surface-dry, or SSD, and apparent) using a laboratory soaking and weighing procedure. Results should be provided both at test temperature and normalized to 20°C.
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Absorption Testing: Water absorption is essential for understanding how rock might deteriorate, especially under freeze-thaw or salt crystallization conditions. The standard defines absorption as the percentage increase in mass after soaking, indicating the volume of permeable pores in the rock.
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Sampling and Specimens: Guidelines are provided for sample collection, emphasizing representative sampling from both uniform and heterogeneous sources. Minimum specimen mass is typically 1 kg (2.2 lbs), and various sample types-field fragments, slabs, core-can be used.
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Reporting Requirements: The standard mandates clear, detailed reporting, including source information, type of rock, specimen identification, specific test values, and averages. Adherence to significant digits and rounding practices is required per ASTM D6026.
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Applicability: Suitable for large-sized rocks intended for erosion protection in infrastructure and environmental applications. Not applicable to alternate materials like concrete blocks.
Applications
The ASTM D6473/D6473M-24 standard is widely used in civil engineering, geotechnical, and environmental projects where erosion control is critical:
- Shoreline and Riverbank Protection: Ensures the durability of riprap and armor stone used to shield shores and streambanks from erosive forces.
- Infrastructure Foundations: Supports selection of rock for bridge abutments, pilings, and culvert outfalls.
- Coastal and Breakwater Structures: Assists in the evaluation of breakwater and revetment stone to prevent wave-induced erosion.
- Slope Stability: Helps determine the suitability of gabion fill and riprap for stabilizing embankments and slopes.
- Flood and Hydraulic Engineering: Supports material selection for temporary or permanent flood defenses and drainage channels.
Proper assessment of specific gravity and absorption using this ASTM standard is vital to select stone materials that remain effective and durable under site conditions, minimizing maintenance costs and project failures.
Related Standards
For comprehensive rock and aggregate testing, ASTM D6473/D6473M-24 is used in conjunction with other key standards, including:
- ASTM D653: Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
- ASTM D3740: Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
- ASTM D4753: Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Standard Masses
- ASTM D4992: Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
- ASTM D5121, D5312/D5312M, D5313/D5313M: Durability and preparation test methods for rock used in erosion control
- ASTM D6026: Practice for Using Significant Digits and Data Records in Geotechnical Data
Using ASTM D6473/D6473M-24 as part of an integrated testing program ensures reliable selection and performance of erosion control rock, supporting the longevity and success of infrastructure and environmental works.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- D18 - Soil and Rock
- SKU
- ASTM D6473/D6473M-24
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