ASTM D737-18(2023) PDF
Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics
Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 5
- Дата публикации:
- 1 июня 2023 г.
- Издание:
- D737
- ICS:
- 59.080.30
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable, and this test method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. 5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, ensure the test samples to be used are as homogeneous as possible, are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal number to each laboratory for testing. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. 5.2 Air permeability is an important factor in the performance of such textile materials as gas filters, fabrics for air bags, clothing, mosquito netting, parachutes, sails, tentage, and vacuum cleaners. In filtration, for example, efficiency is directly related to air permeability. Air permeability also can be used to provide an indication of the breathability of weather-resistant and rainproof fabrics, or of coated fabrics in general, and to detect changes during the manufacturing process. 5.3 Performance specifications, both industrial and military, have been prepared on the basis of air permeability and are used in the purchase of fabrics where permeability is of interest. 5.4 Construction factors and finishing techniques can have an appreciable effect upon air permeability by causing a change in the length of airflow paths through a fabric. Hot calendaring can be used to flatten fabric components, thus reducing... SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the air permeability of textile fabrics. 1.2 This test method applies to most fabrics including woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, air bag fabrics, blankets, napped fabrics, knitted fabrics, layered fabrics, and pile fabrics. The fabrics may be untreated, heavily sized, coated, resin-treated, or otherwise treated. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units may be approximate. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Abstract
Overview
ASTM D737-18(2023): Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics defines a widely used protocol for measuring the air permeability of textile fabrics. Developed by ASTM International, this standard outlines test requirements and procedures for determining the rate at which air passes perpendicularly through a known area of fabric under specified pressure conditions. The method is applicable to a diverse range of textile constructions, including woven, nonwoven, knitted, coated, and layered fabrics, both treated and untreated.
Understanding air permeability is essential for manufacturers, suppliers, and end-users to ensure product performance in applications where breathability, filtration, and resistance to air flow are critical. The standard is recognized internationally and is frequently used for acceptance testing in the textile trade.
Key Topics
- Test Coverage: Applies to a broad range of textile fabrics, including woven, nonwoven, knitted, pile, napped, blankets, air bag materials, and coated/treated fabrics.
- Measurement Units: Results are reported in SI units (cm³/s/cm²) as standard, with inch-pound units (ft³/min/ft²) being approximate.
- Testing Conditions: Specifies standard temperature (21 ± 1°C) and relative humidity (65 ± 2%) for testing unless otherwise agreed upon.
- Sampling & Specimen Preparation: Details on random and representative sampling are provided to ensure reliable, unbiased results.
- Statistical Analysis: Outlines procedures for comparing inter-laboratory results, ensuring consistency and identifying potential bias, which may need adjusting if found.
- Equipment Requirements: Describes necessary apparatus such as calibrated test heads, clamping systems to prevent leakage, pressure gauges, and flowmeters.
Applications
- Performance Specification: Air permeability is a key factor in industry standards for product performance and procurement (e.g., for filtration, military, and weather-resistant textiles).
- Quality Control: Regularly employed for acceptance testing of commercial textile shipments to confirm compliance with buyer specifications.
- Product Development: Enables manufacturers to design fabrics with optimal breathability or filtration capabilities, adjusting construction and finishing processes to suit end-user requirements.
- End-Use Suitability: Applies to the manufacture and testing of textiles used in clothing, air bags, gas filters, parachutes, mosquito nets, sails, tents, and vacuum cleaner bags.
- Process Monitoring: Detects changes during textile manufacturing, such as impacts from calendaring, coating, or alterations in yarn twist and weave, that affect air permeability.
Related Standards
For comprehensive testing and interpretation, ASTM D737-18(2023) refers to several other ASTM standards, including:
- ASTM D123: Terminology Relating to Textiles
- ASTM D1776/D1776M: Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
- ASTM D2904 & D2906: Practices for Interlaboratory Testing of Textile Test Methods (Withdrawn)
- ASTM D4850: Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
- ASTM F778: Methods for Gas Flow Resistance Testing of Filtration Media
Additionally, the standard is developed according to World Trade Organization (WTO) principles on international standardization, ensuring global recognition and relevance.
Key SEO terms: ASTM D737-18, air permeability test method, textile fabric testing, textile standards, fabric breathability, filtration fabrics, quality control textiles, ASTM standards, acceptance testing fabrics.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- D13 - Textiles
- SKU
- ASTM D737-18(2023)
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