ASTM D8456-22 PDF
Standard Test Method for Determination of Nitrosamines in Water by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Nitrosamines in Water by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 8
- Дата публикации:
- 1 мая 2022 г.
- Издание:
- D8456
- ICS:
- 13.060.01
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 Nitrosamines are a class of nitrogen-containing compounds with a known occurrence in wastewater. They may also be created in deionization and are a potential contaminant in water for reuse. The World Health Organization has issued a guideline for NDMA in drinking water at 0.1 µg/L. NDMA may occur in chlorinated effluents and other wastewaters. Other methods for nitrosamines employ solid phase extraction, which may not be applicable to wastewaters that contain particulate matter or a high organic load. This method analyses nitrosamines directly using LC-MS/MS. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection and quantitation of N-nitrosamines after direct injection. It has been validated for groundwater, surface water, wastewater influents, and wastewater effluents. This test method is not limited to these aqueous matrices; however, the applicability of this test method to other aqueous matrices must be demonstrated. 1.2 This test method is applicable to nitrosamines that can be chromatographed and detected using a mass spectrometry procedure. Table 1 lists the compounds that have been validated for this test method. This test method is not limited to the compounds listed in Table 1; however, the applicability of the test method to other compounds must be demonstrated. 1.3 Analyte concentrations from 0.05 µg/L up to approximately 5 µg/L may be determined without dilution of the sample. Analytes with insufficient sensitivity will not be detected, but they can be measured with acceptable accuracy and precision when present in sufficient amounts. In addition, newer instruments, or instruments of improved sensitivity may be used to lower detection limits. 1.4 Analytes that are not separated chromatographically, but that have different mass spectra and noninterfering quantitation ions, can be identified and measured in the same calibration mixture or water sample. Analytes that have very similar product ions cannot be individually identified and measured in the same calibration mixture or water sample unless they have different retention times. 1.5 It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the validity of this test method for untested matrices. 1.6 This test method is restricted to use by or under the supervision of analysts experienced in the use of a liquid chromatograph with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). 1.7 Depending on data usage, you may modify this test method but limit to modifications that improve performance while still meeting method quality acceptance criteria. Shortening the chromatographic run simply to save time is not allowed. Use Practice E2935 or similar statistical tests to confirm that modifications produce equivalent results on non-interfering samples. In addition, use Guide E2857 or equivalent statistics to re-validate the modified test. 1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Abstract
Overview
ASTM D8456-22 is the internationally recognized standard test method for the determination of nitrosamines in water using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Issued by ASTM International, this standard enables direct detection and quantitative analysis of a broad range of N-nitrosamines, contaminants of concern due to their potential carcinogenicity. Nitrosamines frequently occur in wastewater, deionized water, and chlorinated effluents and present challenges for laboratories and water utilities seeking accurate water quality assessments.
This method is particularly valued for bypassing complexities associated with solid-phase extraction, making it suitable for samples containing high organic content or particulates. The standard is applicable across multiple matrices, including but not limited to, groundwater, surface water, wastewater influents, and wastewater effluents.
Key Topics
- Nitrosamines Monitoring in Water: Covers detection of compounds such as NDMA, NMOR, NPYR, NDEA, NDIPA, and others.
- Direct LC-MS/MS Analysis: Employs direct injection methods, enhancing efficiency and accuracy over traditional extraction-based techniques.
- Applicable Matrices: Validated for groundwater, surface water, and both influent and effluent wastewater samples.
- Sensitivities and Detection Ranges: Quantifies nitrosamines from as low as 0.05 µg/L up to 5 µg/L without dilution; newer instruments may further lower detection limits.
- Calibration and Quality Control: Focuses on calibration standards, continuing calibration checks, standard additions, and spiking protocols to ensure data integrity.
- Data Integrity and Reporting: Details procedures for maintaining reporting accuracy, including use of internal standards, duplicate analyses, matrix spikes, and rigorous quality control measures.
- Health and Safety Considerations: Recommends best practices for handling nitrosamine compounds, which are classified as probable human carcinogens.
Applications
ASTM D8456-22 provides significant value in several practical applications where accurate monitoring of nitrosamines is essential:
- Environmental Monitoring: Supports regulatory compliance and routine surveillance in public water systems, wastewater treatment plants, and industrial discharge monitoring.
- Water Reuse and Reclamation: Facilitates the detection of nitrosamines in treated municipal wastewater, a growing priority as water reuse initiatives expand.
- Validation of Water Treatment Processes: Assists in process optimization and validation, especially for advanced oxidation, chlorination, and deionization systems.
- Field and Laboratory Analysis: Offers a reliable methodology for both on-site field blanks and laboratory analysis, ensuring sample integrity from collection through analysis.
- Research and Risk Assessment: Provides researchers and risk assessors with robust, standardized methods for evaluating human exposure scenarios and supporting global regulatory bodies’ guidelines, such as the World Health Organization’s guideline for NDMA in drinking water.
Related Standards
ASTM D8456-22 references and works alongside several other key ASTM water analysis standards to ensure comprehensive water quality assessment:
- ASTM D1129 – Terminology Relating to Water
- ASTM D1193 – Specification for Reagent Water
- ASTM D2777 – Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
- ASTM D3370 – Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process Streams
- ASTM D4448 – Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
- ASTM D6089 – Guide for Documenting a Groundwater Sampling Event
- ASTM D6538 – Guide for Sampling Wastewater With Automatic Samplers
- ASTM D6759 – Practice for Sampling Liquids Using Grab and Discrete Depth Samplers
- ASTM E2857 – Guide for Validating Analytical Methods
- ASTM E2935 – Practice for Evaluating Equivalence of Two Testing Processes
Summary
ASTM D8456-22 sets industry-best practices for the reliable, sensitive, and efficient determination of nitrosamines in water by LC-MS/MS. Laboratories, regulatory authorities, and water utilities can depend on this method for comprehensive nitrosamine analysis, supporting water safety, public health, and regulatory compliance. For environmental laboratories and water treatment operations, adopting this standard ensures state-of-the-art analytical performance and robust quality assurance.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- D19 - Water
- SKU
- ASTM D8456-22
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