ASTM E1295-22 PDF
Standard Guide for Conducting Three-Brood, Renewal Toxicity Tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia
Standard Guide for Conducting Three-Brood, Renewal Toxicity Tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 21
- Дата публикации:
- 1 января 2022 г.
- Издание:
- E1295
- ICS:
- 07.100.20
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 Ceriodaphnia was first used as a toxicity test organism by Mount and Norberg (2). Introduced for use in effluent and ambient water evaluations, Ceriodaphnia have also been a valuable addition to single chemical test procedures. 5.2 Protection of a population requires prevention of unacceptable effects on the number, weight, health, and uses of the individuals of that species, or species for which the test species serves as a surrogate. A three-brood toxicity test is conducted to help determine changes in survival and the number of neonates produced that result from exposure to the test material. 5.3 Results of three-brood toxicity tests with C. dubia might be used to predict chronic or partial chronic effects on species in field situations as a result of exposure under comparable conditions. 5.4 Results of three-brood toxicity tests with C. dubia might be compared with the chronic sensitivities of different species and the chronic toxicities of different materials, and to study the effects of various environmental factors on results of such tests. 5.5 Results of three-brood toxicity tests with C. dubia might be useful for predicting the results of chronic tests on the same test material with the same species in another water or with another species in the same or a different water. Most such predictions are based on the results of acute toxicity tests, and so the usefulness of the results of a three-brood toxicity test with C. dubia might be greatly increased by also reporting the results of an acute toxicity test (see Guides E729 and E1192) conducted under the same conditions. In addition to conducting an acute test with unfed C. dubia, it might also be desirable to conduct an acute test in which the organisms are fed the same as in the three-brood test, to see if the presence of that concentration of that food affects the results of the acute test and the acute chronic ratio (see 10.4.1). 5.5.1 A 48 or 96-h EC50 or LC50 can sometimes be obtaine... SCOPE 1.1 This guide describes procedures for obtaining data concerning the adverse effects of an effluent or a test material (added to dilution water, but not to food) on Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard 1894, during continuous exposure throughout a portion of the organism's life. These procedures should also be useful for conducting life cycle toxicity tests with other Cladocera (Guide E1193), although modifications will be necessary. 1.2 These procedures are applicable to most chemicals, either individually or in formulations, commercial products, or known mixtures, that can be measured accurately at the necessary concentrations in water. With appropriate modifications these procedures can be used to conduct tests on temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, dissolved ions, and on such materials as aqueous effluents (see also Guide E1192), leachates, oils, particulate matter, sediments (see also Guide E1706), and surface waters. Renewal tests might not be applicable to materials that have high oxygen demand, are highly volatile, are rapidly biologically or chemically transformed, or sorb to test chambers. If the concentration of dissolved oxygen falls below 4 mg/L or the concentration of test material decreases by more than 20 % in test solution(s) at any concentration between renewals, more frequent renewals might be necessary. 1.3 Other modifications of these procedures might be justified by special needs or circumstances. Results of tests conducted using unusual procedures are not likely to be comparable to results of many other tests. Comparisons of results obtained using modified and unmodified versions of these procedures might provide useful information on new concepts and procedures for conducting three-brood toxicity tests with C. dubia. 1.4 This guide is arranged as follows: Section Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Guide 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus ...
Abstract
Overview
ASTM E1295-22 is the internationally recognized standard guide for conducting three-brood, renewal toxicity tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia. Published by ASTM International, this standard provides detailed procedures for evaluating the chronic toxicity of chemicals, effluents, and other materials on the freshwater organism Ceriodaphnia dubia. The purpose is to generate scientifically valid data on the adverse effects of test materials through continuous exposure during a significant portion of the test organisms’ life cycle. Results are critical for assessing aquatic toxicity, supporting water quality criteria, and ensuring environmental protection.
Key Topics
-
Test Objective: The three-brood toxicity test with Ceriodaphnia dubia is designed to assess both survival and reproduction over multiple broods. This is crucial for predicting chronic or partially chronic effects in aquatic environments.
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Test Organism: Ceriodaphnia dubia is widely recognized as a sensitive test organism for freshwater toxicity due to its rapid life cycle and sensitivity to contaminants.
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Applicability: The procedures are suitable for chemicals (individual or mixtures), effluents, leachates, oils, sediments, and surface waters, provided accurate measure at relevant concentrations is possible.
-
Test Conditions:
- Neonates (less than 24 hours old) from the same broodstock are individually exposed in separate chambers.
- Assays are typically conducted for 6-8 days, using static-renewal of solutions every 24 hours.
- Consistent light, temperature, and feeding conditions are maintained to replicate natural environments while ensuring reproducible results.
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Quality Assurance: Control treatments are required to assess organism health and water suitability, ensuring data reliability. Performance criteria include control survival rates of 80% or greater and average reproduction of at least 15 young per surviving female.
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Significance and Use: Data from these tests inform on the risk posed by substances to aquatic populations and can guide comparisons among different species, materials, and testing environments.
Applications
- Environmental Risk Assessment: Results help predict how chemicals or effluents will impact aquatic life under real-world conditions, aiding in the derivation of water quality criteria or regulatory limits.
- Effluent and Water Quality Monitoring: Regulatory agencies and industries use these tests to evaluate the chronic toxicity of wastewater discharges, surface waters, leachates, and sediments.
- Comparative Toxicity Studies: By comparing chronic sensitivities across different organisms and materials, stakeholders can prioritize risks and design safer products or interventions.
- Product Development and Registration: Manufacturers of chemicals and commercial products use chronic toxicity data from C. dubia tests to demonstrate regulatory compliance and support environmental safety claims.
Related Standards
Several ASTM and related standards are commonly referenced or used alongside ASTM E1295-22 to support comprehensive aquatic toxicity testing and quality assurance:
- ASTM E729: Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
- ASTM E1192: Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Aqueous Ambient Samples and Effluents
- ASTM E1193: Guide for Conducting Daphnia magna Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests
- ASTM E1023: Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to Aquatic Organisms
- ASTM D1193: Specification for Reagent Water
By following ASTM E1295-22, laboratories, regulatory agencies, and environmental professionals can obtain high-quality, reproducible data on the chronic toxicity of chemicals and effluents using Ceriodaphnia dubia. This supports reliable aquatic risk assessment, effective regulatory compliance, and environmental stewardship.
Keywords: ASTM E1295-22, three-brood toxicity test, Ceriodaphnia dubia, chronic toxicity, effluent testing, aquatic toxicity standard, water quality criteria, environmental risk assessment, ASTM International, reproductive toxicity test, aquatic toxicology.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- E50 - Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action
- SKU
- ASTM E1295-22
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