ASTM E1934-99a(2024) PDF

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This guide can be used by an end user to specify infrared examinations of electrical and mechanical equipment and an infrared thermographer to perform them. 4.2 This guide lists the joint responsibilities of the end user and the infrared thermographer when using infrared thermography. 4.3 The purpose of an infrared examination is to identify and document exceptions in the end user's electrical or mechanical systems, or both. 4.3.1 In electrical equipment, warm exceptions are usually created by an increase in resistance caused by loose or deteriorated connections, short circuits, overloads, load imbalances or faulty, mismatched or improperly installed components. Cool exceptions are usually caused by failed components. 4.3.2 In mechanical equipment, warm exceptions are usually created by friction caused by improper lubrication, misalignment, worn components, or mechanical loading anomalies. Cool exceptions are usually caused by failed components. 4.3.3 Exceptions in insulation systems are usually caused by missing or deteriorated materials, improper installation, or insufficient amounts of material. 4.4 Providing opinions about the causes of exceptions, the integrity of the equipment, or recommendations for corrective actions require knowledge and skills beyond those of infrared thermography. 4.5 Infrared examinations provide data about equipment at the time of examination only. 4.6 Infrared examinations are not remedial. 4.7 An infrared examination of electrical and mechanical equipment does not assure its proper operation. Other tests and proper maintenance are necessary to ensure their reliable performance. SCOPE 1.1 This guide lists the responsibilities of the end user and the infrared thermographer when examining electrical and mechanical systems. 1.2 This guide outlines the specific content required to document qualitative and quantitative infrared examinations of electrical and mechanical equipment.2 1.3 This guide may involve use of equipment and materials in the presence of heated, moving or all of these or electrically energized equipment. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.