ASTM E3355-23 PDF

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 Purpose—This guide provides a process for characterization of existing CCPs placed in active and inactive storage area(s) to assist in potential harvesting strategies. In this guide, information on the following activities required for the safe and effective characterization of CCPs from storage area(s) is included: (1) available site characterization information inventory/review, (2) available end use(s) information inventory/review, (3) end use(s) and level of confidence (Tiers I, II, and III) related to the CCP characterization selected and RDM; (4)CCP characterization plan development; and (5) CCP storage area(s) characterization report. More detailed descriptions of these activities are in Sections 6 – 10. 4.2 Potential Beneficial Use(s) of CCPs—There are many CCP storage area(s) that are potentially harvestable and can provide a functional benefit. The beneficial use of CCPs contained in these storage area(s) can have significant environmental and economic benefits for the user and can significantly reduce disposal operations (1-4).9 Beneficial use of CCPs can provide industry with a safe and responsible way to manage the CCPs economically, while promoting conservation and recycling, meeting sustainability goals, and addressing the shortage of CCPs in some building product market areas (1, 2, 5). CCPs consist of fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, FBC ash, economizer ash, and FGD material. End use(s) may include cement/concrete, light aggregate, flowable fill, controlled or structural fill, road base/subbase, soil amendment, waste stabilization/solidification, agriculture, grout, mineral filler, snow/ice traction control, blasting grit/abrasives, roofing granules, mining application, gypsum panel, and others (see Terminology E2201 for definitions of CCPs) (Sections 6 and 7). 4.2.1 Fly ash is the most abundant CCP in existing storage area(s). Its beneficial uses include, but are not limited to, partial replacement for cement in concrete and concrete pro... SCOPE 1.1 This guide provides a framework to characterize coal combustion products (CCPs) situated in active or inactive storage units for potential harvesting and beneficial use and may be considered a companion standard to Guide E3183. 1.2 A framework is provided in this guide to address critical aspects related to the characterization of CCPs placed in active (operational) and inactive storage of (closed or no longer receiving CCPs) storage area(s). These storage area(s) may be used for wet or dry CCPs. 1.3 This guide does not include information on how to determine what storage area(s) or facilities should be selected for potential characterization of CCPs as each entity may approach a characterization program in accordance with their own intent and regulatory requirements. In addition, it does not include information on how the user should evaluate inventories to determine the order of their storage area(s) for potential characterization including consideration of risk, performance, and cost. This guide for potential harvesting for beneficial use is intended to be used to evaluate the storage area(s) once the storage area(s) are selected for evaluation. 1.4 This guide does not include information on the permitting that may be required to implement CCP characterization activities or may be associated with the processing or end use(s). Therefore, additional approvals not discussed within this guide may be needed. 1.5 This guide is intended to help characterize CCPs that may be harvested while gaining understanding of their homogeneity within a given wet or dry storage area. 1.6 The CCPs that may be characterized include fly ash, bottom ash, and economizer ash; boiler slag; flue gas desulfurization material; fluidized bed combustion products as defined in Terminology E2201; cenospheres; or other materials suitable for beneficial use. 1.7 Laws and approval requirements governing the use of CCPs vary by local...