ASTM E956-83(2023) PDF

Overview

ASTM E956-83(2023) - Standard Classification for Municipal Mixed Nonferrous Metals (MNM) provides a framework for categorizing nonferrous metals recovered from municipal waste streams. Developed by ASTM International, this classification is an important tool for the recycling, materials processing, and metals industries. The standard outlines criteria based on processing history, nonferrous metal content, size, and moisture content. It is designed to facilitate effective communication, quality control, and trade in the marketing and use of municipal mixed nonferrous metals.

Key Topics

• Definition and Scope

  • Applies to municipal mixed nonferrous metals (MNM) not source-separated but recovered from waste destined for disposal.
  • Subdivides MNM by processing history, content, size, and moisture.

• Classification Criteria

  • Four types of MNM, based on nonferrous content (over 90%, 50-90%, 30-50%, less than 30%).
  • Three grades, categorized by size (over 6 in., 2-6 in., under 2 in.).
  • Two classes based on moisture content (high: 5%+; low: under 5%).

• Physical Requirements

  • Criteria for bulk density, fineness, loose combustibles, and magnetics are set by agreement between buyer and seller.

• Sampling & Testing

  • Detailed procedures for collecting representative samples both at point of origin and receipt.
  • Emphasis on unbiased, thorough sample collection and preparation to ensure accurate analysis.
  • Guidance on screening, drying, and analysis to determine metal content and contaminants.

• Safety & Compliance

  • Users must establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices.
  • Responsibility for regulatory compliance lies with the user.
  • Developed in accordance with internationally recognized standardization principles (WTO TBT Committee).

Applications

ASTM E956 is broadly used by multiple sectors involved in the recovery and processing of nonferrous metals from municipal waste. Its practical applications include:

• Secondary Aluminum Smelters Utilizing MNM as a raw material in aluminum production.

• Primary Aluminum Producers Assessing and acquiring suitable scrap for integration into production streams.

• Scrap Dealers and Processors Classifying and trading MNM on a consistent basis using a recognized standard.

• Zinc and Copper Refiners Sourcing feedstock that meets established quality benchmarks for subsequent refining.

• Municipal Waste Management Facilities Enhancing recycling and resource recovery programs by adhering to standardized classification, aiding in contractual agreements and shipment specifications.

By promoting uniform classification and analysis, ASTM E956 enables buyers and sellers to clearly communicate about the quality and value of MNM, reducing disputes and ensuring more predictable downstream processing outcomes.

Related Standards

When implementing ASTM E956, stakeholders often reference the following standards for comprehensive waste materials and metals analysis:

• ASTM E11 - Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves Used for gradation and sizing of materials in MNM sampling.

• ASTM E122 - Practice for Calculating Sample Size Provides guidance for statistical sampling protocols.

• ASTM E276 - Test Method for Particle Size or Screen Analysis Informs screening and sizing procedures for metal-bearing materials.

• ASTM D2013/D2013M - Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis Used as a reference for sampling and sample preparation techniques.

By following these and other referenced standards, industries can ensure compliance, consistency, and traceability in the handling and marketing of municipal mixed nonferrous metals.

Summary

Adopting ASTM E956-83(2023) supports the efficient classification, sampling, and marketing of MNM, benefiting stakeholders across the recycling, metals production, and waste management sectors. The standard fosters transparency, supports regulatory compliance, and helps drive circular economy objectives by establishing clear criteria for the recovery and trade of valuable nonferrous metals from municipal waste streams.