ASTM G119-09(2021) PDF

Overview

ASTM G119-09(2021): Standard Guide for Determining Synergism Between Wear and Corrosion provides a framework for quantifying the combined effect of wear and corrosion (synergism) on metallic materials in liquid solutions or slurries. The standard highlights the significance of understanding the mutual interaction between mechanical wear (such as abrasion or impact) and electrochemical corrosion, particularly under aqueous or slurry conditions. This guide is instrumental in identifying how the total material loss can be heightened due to synergistic effects, which surpass the sum of individual wear and corrosion processes.

Key Topics

• Synergism Between Wear and Corrosion: The guide explains how wear and corrosion can interact in ways that produce greater material degradation than either process alone-a phenomenon known as synergism. Quantifying this effect is crucial for accurate prediction of material lifespan.
• Test Procedures: Methods are detailed for determining total material loss as well as isolating the mechanical and corrosion-related components using a series of wear, electrochemical, and corrosion tests. This includes procedures involving cathodic protection and potentiodynamic techniques.
• Calculation of Material Loss: The standard outlines formulas for calculating the total wear/corrosion losses, distinguishing between the mechanical, corrosion, and synergistic interactions to guide material evaluation.
• Mapping and Classification: Construction of wear-corrosion maps is suggested to classify different regimes (safe, moderate, high-damage) and to highlight the extent of wear/corrosion augmentation factors.
• Limitations: This guide is intended for metallic materials in liquid solutions or slurries and does not apply to gas/solid systems or situations where corrosion products remain on the surface post-test, resulting in potential weight gain.

Applications

ASTM G119-09(2021) serves as a vital resource in industries where metallic components are exposed to simultaneous mechanical and chemical stresses, especially in wet or abrasive environments. Practical applications include:

• Material Selection: Helps engineers select alloys or surface treatments that minimize combined wear-corrosion in pipelines, valves, pumps, and marine equipment.
• Performance Evaluation: Supports laboratories in quantifying and comparing material loss rates to optimize maintenance schedules and improve component reliability.
• Industrial Process Improvement: Aids in redesigning process parameters (e.g., flow rate, particle size, pH) to reduce overall material degradation in mining, chemical processing, and wastewater treatment.
• Research and Development: Facilitates R&D activities focused on new metallic materials or coatings that resist both wear and corrosion.
• Failure Analysis: Assists failure analysis teams in identifying whether unexpected component degradation is driven by synergistic effects, leading to more informed remedial measures.

Related Standards

ASTM G119-09(2021) is commonly referenced alongside other ASTM standards that pertain to electrochemical testing, corrosion measurement, and terminology. Notable related standards include:

• ASTM G3: Practice for Conventions Applicable to Electrochemical Measurements in Corrosion Testing.
• ASTM G5: Reference Test Method for Making Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements.
• ASTM G15: Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing.
• ASTM G40: Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion.
• ASTM G59: Test Method for Conducting Potentiodynamic Polarization Resistance Measurements.
• ASTM G102: Practice for Calculation of Corrosion Rates and Related Information from Electrochemical Measurements.

By incorporating ASTM G119 into laboratory and field testing protocols, stakeholders are better equipped to measure, understand, and mitigate the complex challenges posed by wear-corrosion synergism in aqueous and slurry systems. This standard supports safer, more durable, and cost-effective material solutions across numerous industrial sectors.

Keywords: synergism, wear, corrosion, metallic materials, aqueous environments, slurries, electrochemical testing, material loss, ASTM G119, synergistic effects, abrasion, failure prevention.