ASTM G196-08(2021) PDF

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method is designed to rank material couples in their resistance to the failure mode caused by galling and not merely to classify the surface appearance of sliding surfaces. 5.2 This test method has been shown to have higher repeatability than Test Method G98 in determining the galling resistance. Test Method G98 can be used for initial ranking of galling resistance. 5.3 This test method should be considered when damaged (galled) surfaces render components non-serviceable. Experience has shown that galling is most prevalent in sliding systems that are slow moving and operate intermittently. The galling and seizure of threaded components is a classic example that this test method most closely simulates. 5.4 Other galling-prone examples include: sealing surfaces of valves that may leak excessively due to galling and pump wear rings that may function ineffectively due to galling. 5.5 If the equipment continues to operate satisfactorily and loses dimension gradually, then galling is not present, and the wear should be evaluated by a different test method. 5.6 This test method should not be used for quantitative or final design purposes, since many environmental factors influence the galling performance of materials in service. Lubrication, alignment, stiffness, and geometry are only some of the factors that can affect how materials perform. This test method has proven valuable in screening materials for prototypical testing that more closely simulates actual service conditions. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers a laboratory test that ranks the galling resistance of material couples using a quantitative measure. Bare metals, alloys, nonmetallic materials, coatings, and surface modified materials may be evaluated by this test method. 1.2 This test method is not designed for evaluating the galling resistance of material couples sliding under lubricated conditions, because galling usually will not occur under lubricated sliding conditions using this test method. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.