ISO 1014:2021

Overview

ISO 1014:2021 - "Coke - Determination of true relative density, apparent relative density and porosity" defines standardized laboratory methods to measure the density and porosity of coke. The standard covers: (a) determination of true relative density for coke ground to pass a 212 µm sieve, (b) determination of apparent relative density by water displacement of bulk coke, and (c) calculation of porosity from the density results. ISO 1014:2021 updates technical procedures, equipment requirements and precision limits to ensure reproducible, comparable test results across laboratories.

Key Topics

• True relative density (pyknometer method)

  • Uses a 50 ml pyknometer, air-free distilled water and boiling to remove entrapped air.
  • Sample: coke crushed to <212 µm (analysis sample).
  • Temperature control is essential (thermostatic bath; ±1 °C) because a 1 °C change can introduce measurable error.
  • Typical sample handling: drying (105–110 °C) unless material is hygroscopic; ~5 g test portion; boiling for 30 min.
  • Results are calculated from pyknometer mass measurements and reported to 0.01.
  • Precision: repeatability limit 0.03 and reproducibility limit 0.05 (units as given in the standard).

• Apparent relative density (bulk displacement method)

  • Based on Archimedes’ principle: mass of dry coke divided by mass of an equal volume of water.
  • Uses a wire/mesh cage (≈0.03 m³ capacity), an elliptical or rectangular water tank with spout, and a balance capable of ~1 g accuracy.
  • A controlled short drainage period (10 s) limits water loss from large pores and improves reproducibility.

• Porosity calculation

  • Porosity is derived from the measured true and apparent relative densities according to clauses in ISO 1014.

• Reporting and precision

  • The standard specifies test report contents and repeatability/reproducibility requirements for method validation.

Applications

ISO 1014:2021 is used by:

• Coke producers for product specification and quality control.
• Steel and metallurgical plants to assess coke reactivity and performance in blast furnaces.
• Independent testing laboratories performing certified material analyses.
• Research institutions studying coke microstructure, density-porosity relationships and material behavior.
• Regulatory and procurement bodies requiring standardized material characterization.

Relevant SEO keywords: ISO 1014:2021, coke density, true relative density, apparent relative density of coke, coke porosity, pyknometer method, coke testing standards.

Related Standards

• ISO 3310-2 (test sieves)
• ISO 13909-6 (mechanical sampling - coke preparation of test samples)
• ISO 18283 (manual sampling of hard coal and coke)