ISO 10360-2:2009

Overview

ISO 10360-2:2009 - "Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring machines (CMM) - Part 2: CMMs used for measuring linear dimensions" defines standardized acceptance and reverification test methods for verifying the linear measuring performance of Cartesian coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) using contacting probing systems in the discrete‑point probing mode. The tests provide traceable measurement results (linked to the metre) and establish whether a CMM meets manufacturer‑stated or user‑assigned performance requirements.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and applicability
  • Applies to Cartesian CMMs with contacting probes (discrete‑point). Does not explicitly apply to non‑Cartesian or optical CMMs unless agreed by parties.
• Core performance metrics
  • Length measurement error (E_L): Error of indication measured on calibrated test lengths. Default test positions include ram axis stylus tip offsets L = 0 mm and L = 150 mm.
  • Repeatability range (R_0): Range (largest − smallest) of three repeated length measurement errors with zero stylus offset.
  • Maximum permissible error (MPE) and maximum permissible limit (MPL): Criteria used to prove conformance; MPE applies when calibrated artefacts are used.
• Test execution
  • Defines the manner of running acceptance and reverification tests, measuring equipment, point sampling strategies, data handling, and rules for proving conformance (including data rejection and repeat measurements).
  • Specifies environmental and metrological requirements (temperature, humidity, vibration) to be set by manufacturer for acceptance and by user for reverification.
• Special configurations
  • Covers dual‑ram CMMs and distinguishes simplex (rams treated separately) and duplex (single coordinate system) operating modes.
• Supportive material
  • Annexes address calibrated artefacts, alignment of gauges, mathematical adjustments for low‑CTE artefacts, test uncertainty guidance, and relation to the GPS matrix model.

Applications and users

ISO 10360-2:2009 is used by:

• CMM manufacturers to declare and test machine performance (acceptance criteria, MPE/MPL).
• Calibration laboratories and metrology engineers performing acceptance, installation, and periodic reverification testing.
• Quality managers and procurement teams requiring objective proof of CMM capability for linear measurements.
• Production and inspection planners to determine suitability of a CMM for specific measurement tasks.

Practical benefits include traceable verification of linear measurement accuracy, standardized test methods for supplier acceptance, and periodic checks to ensure ongoing measurement reliability.

Related standards

• ISO 10360-1 (Vocabulary)
• ISO 10360 parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (other CMM modes and probes)
• ISO 14253-1 (Decision rules for conformance)
• ISO/TS 23165 (CMM test uncertainty guidance)

Keywords: ISO 10360-2:2009, CMM acceptance tests, reverification tests, length measurement error, repeatability, MPE, MPL, Cartesian CMM, contacting probing, metrology.