ISO 10675-1:2021

Overview

ISO 10675-1:2021 - Non-destructive testing of welds - Acceptance levels for radiographic testing - Part 1: Steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys - defines acceptance levels for indications from imperfections detected by radiographic testing (RT) in butt welds of steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys. The document presumes RT is performed per ISO 17636‑1 (RT‑F / film) or ISO 17636‑2 (RT‑S radioscopy, RT‑D digital detectors) and links radiographic results to weld quality requirements (e.g., ISO 5817).

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and applicability: Acceptance criteria for internal and surface indications in butt welds; can be applied to other weld types or materials if agreed between parties.
• Acceptance levels: Three quality levels (Acceptance level 1, 2, 3) with numeric limits for imperfections such as:
  • Porosity and gas pores (area % A limits, maximum pore diameter d related to weld thickness s)
  • Clustered (localized) porosity
  • Linear porosity (length l and diameter limits)
  • Elongated cavities / wormholes, shrinkage cavities / crater pipes, slag/oxide/metallic inclusions, lack of fusion / lack of penetration
  • Surface imperfections (undercut, excess penetration, root concavity, etc.) with dimension-based limits
• Measurement rules:
  • Use L = 100 mm testing length for summation/percentage calculations (special rule for welds < 100 mm)
  • Adjacent imperfections closer than the major dimension of the smaller imperfection are treated as a single imperfection
  • Annexes provide guidance on RT limitations (Annex A), examples for area percentage determination (Annex B) and calculation of summed areas (Annex C)
• Radiographic technique classes: Specifies use of RT technique classes A or B per ISO 17636‑1/2 depending on selected quality level.
• Prerequisite visual test: Accessible welded areas shall be visually tested per ISO 17637 and evaluated before RT.

Practical applications and users

Who uses ISO 10675-1:2021:

• Weld inspectors and NDT technicians applying radiographic inspection and reporting results
• Welding engineers and quality managers who define acceptance criteria in specifications, welding procedures and QA/QC plans
• Fabricators, procurement/specification writers and code authorities who need objective radiographic acceptance criteria for contract or regulatory compliance

Common uses:

• Acceptance/rejection decisions for butt welds in pressure vessels, piping, structural components and aerospace/industrial fabrications
• Incorporation into welding specifications and inspection procedures to ensure consistent NDT acceptance levels and traceable weld quality

Related standards

• ISO 17636‑1 (RT‑F), ISO 17636‑2 (RT‑S, RT‑D) - radiographic techniques
• ISO 5817 - welding quality levels and terms
• ISO 6520‑1 - classification of geometric imperfections
• ISO 17637 - visual testing of fusion-welded joints

Keywords: ISO 10675-1:2021, radiographic testing, RT-F, RT-S, RT-D, acceptance levels, weld inspection, non-destructive testing (NDT), porosity, lack of fusion, butt welds, steel nickel titanium.