ISO 12418-1:2012

Overview

ISO 12418-1:2012 specifies a standardized designation system and the basis for specifications for post‑consumer poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottle recyclates (rPET). It applies to recyclates in the form of powder, flakes or pellets and defines how to classify materials for specification, trade and quality communication. The standard does not provide engineering performance data or processing conditions - those test methods are referenced in ISO 12418-2.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Designation structure: A rigid identity format using an individual-item block subdivided into five data blocks (Data blocks 1–5) to ensure unambiguous product identification.
• Data block 1 (processing & form): Identifies PET and the recycling process code - e.g. (MRG) general mechanical recycling, (MRA) mechanical + alkali treatment, (MRP) mechanical + other treatments - plus product form (flakes F, pellets P, powder W), size (S/M/L) and pellet filter opening.
• Data block 2 (recyclate content): Indicates presence and percentage of recycled content or fillers (e.g. (R100) = 100% recyclate).
• Data block 3 (application/colour/food contact): Intended processing (blow moulding, film extrusion, fibre), food-contact status (direct/indirect/no), and colour (natural/coloured).
• Data block 4 (designatory properties): Key measurable properties used for classification:
  • Intrinsic viscosity (IV) ranges (expressed in dl/g) for molecular weight indication (e.g. IV10, IV08, IV07, IV06, IV00).
  • Contamination levels for label/visible contaminants, PVC and polyolefins (expressed in mg/kg and coded ranges).
  • Water content classes (e.g. W1 ≤ 1.0 %).
  • Bulk density classes (expressed in kg/m3, e.g. D1 ≥ 400).
• Data block 5 (optional specification block): Used to add application‑specific requirements or reference other standards when tighter control is needed.

Practical applications and users

ISO 12418-1 is practical for:

• Recycling companies specifying and marketing rPET grades
• Material suppliers and distributors labeling recyclates consistently
• Converters and manufacturers (blow moulding, film extrusion, fibre producers) choosing appropriate rPET feedstock
• Procurement and quality teams comparing material offers and ensuring acceptance criteria
• Regulators and standardizers referencing consistent recyclate classification

The standard facilitates transparent communication of rPET quality (IV, contamination, moisture, density) and helps match recyclates to downstream processes and food‑contact considerations.

Related standards

• ISO 12418-2:2012 - Test specimen preparation and determination of properties (referenced for measurement methods)
• ISO 15270 - Guidelines for recovery and recycling of plastics waste

Keywords: ISO 12418-1:2012, post-consumer PET, PET bottle recyclates, designation system, rPET specification, intrinsic viscosity, contamination levels, bulk density.