ISO 13383-1:2012
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Microstructural characterization — Part 1: Determination of grain size and size distribution
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Microstructural characterization — Part 1: Determination of grain size and size distribution
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 22
- Дата публикации:
- 28 августа 2012 г.
- Издание:
- ISO IS 13383 edition 1 version 1
- ICS:
- 81.060.30
ISO 13383-1:2012 describes manual methods of making measurements for the determination of grain size of fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) using photomicrographs of polished and etched test pieces. The methods described in ISO 13383-1:2012 do not yield the true mean grain diameter, but a somewhat smaller parameter depending on the method applied to analyse a two-dimensional section. The relationship to true grain dimensions depends on the grain shape and the degree of microstructural anisotropy. ISO 13383-1:2012 contains two principal methods, A and B. Method A is the mean linear intercept technique. Method A1 applies to single-phase ceramics, and to ceramics with a principal crystalline phase and a glassy grain-boundary phase of less than about 5 % by volume for which intercept counting suffices. Method A2 applies to ceramics with more than about 5 % by volume of pores or secondary phases, or ceramics with more than one major crystalline phase where individual intercept lengths are measured, which can optionally be used to create a size distribution. This latter method allows the pores or phases to be distinguished and the mean linear intercept size for each to be calculated separately. Method B is the mean equivalent circle diameter method, which applies to any type of ceramic with or without a secondary phase. This method may also be employed for determining grain aspect ratio and a size distribution.
Abstract
Overview
ISO 13383-1:2012 - "Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) - Microstructural characterization - Part 1: Determination of grain size and size distribution" specifies manual measurement procedures using photomicrographs of polished and etched test pieces to quantify grain size and grain size distribution in fine (advanced) ceramics. It defines two principal measurement approaches (Method A - mean linear intercept, and Method B - mean equivalent circle diameter), explains specimen preparation, photomicrography, measurement and calculation procedures, and addresses uncertainties and reporting. The standard notes these 2D methods produce a parameter somewhat smaller than true 3D grain diameter; the relationship to true grain size depends on grain shape and anisotropy.
Key topics and requirements
- Scope and purpose: Characterize major phases in advanced ceramics to support process control, specification and research.
- Specimen preparation: Sectioning, mounting, grinding, polishing and etching to reveal grain boundaries suitable for photomicrography.
- Photomicrography: Optical or SEM imaging and calibration of micrographs to ensure traceability of measurements.
- Method A - Mean linear intercept:
- Method A1: For single-phase ceramics or with < ~5% glassy grain-boundary phase - intercept counting along randomly positioned lines.
- Method A2: For ceramics with > ~5% pores/secondary phases, or multiphase materials - measure individual intercept lengths and optionally generate size distributions; allows phase-wise separation (pores vs grains).
- Method B - Equivalent circle diameter: Measures grain area as an equivalent circle (dci); applicable to any ceramic and suitable for grain aspect ratio and size distributions (useful for elongated grains).
- Calculation and reporting: Procedures for computing mean linear intercept (gmli), equivalent circle diameter (dci), distributions, and uncertainty considerations.
- Image analysis: Automatic or semi-automatic image analysis is allowed only if it simulates the manual methods to produce equivalent results.
- Quality/competence: Normative reference to ISO/IEC 17025 for laboratory competence.
Applications and users
ISO 13383-1 is used by:
- Materials scientists and R&D teams characterizing microstructure-property relations.
- Quality control and production engineers in ceramic manufacturing for process control and batch verification.
- Testing and calibration laboratories performing standardized grain size measurement.
- Failure analysis and development of advanced/technical ceramics where grain size and aspect ratio affect mechanical, electrical or thermal properties.
Keywords: ISO 13383-1, grain size, fine ceramics, microstructural characterization, mean linear intercept, equivalent circle diameter, grain size distribution, photomicrography, image analysis.
Related standards
- ISO 13383-2 (Part 2): Determination of phase volume fraction by evaluation of micrographs.
- ISO/IEC 17025: General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- ISO/TC 206 - Fine ceramics
- SKU
- ISO 13383-1:2012
Похожие стандарты
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