ISO 14253-2:2011
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment — Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment — Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification
- Статус документа:
- Действующий
- Формат:
- Электронный (PDF)
- Количество страниц:
- 71
- Дата публикации:
- 12 апреля 2011 г.
- Издание:
- ISO IS 14253 edition 1 version 1
- ICS:
- 17.040.01
ISO 14253-2:2011 gives guidance on the implementation of the concept of the "Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in measurement" (in short GUM) to be applied in industry for the calibration of (measurement) standards and measuring equipment in the field of GPS and the measurement of workpiece GPS characteristics. The aim is to promote full information on how to achieve uncertainty statements and provide the basis for international comparison of measurement results and their uncertainties (relationship between purchaser and supplier). ISO 14253-2:2011 is intended to support ISO 14253-1. Both parts are beneficial to all technical functions in a company in the interpretation of GPS specifications [i.e. tolerances of workpiece characteristics and values of maximum permissible errors (MPEs) for metrological characteristics of measuring equipment]. ISO 14253-2:2011 introduces the Procedure for Uncertainty MAnagement (PUMA), which is a practical, iterative procedure based on the GUM for estimating uncertainty of measurement without changing the basic concepts of the GUM. It is intended to be used generally for estimating uncertainty of measurement and giving statements of uncertainty for: single measurement results; the comparison of two or more measurement results; the comparison of measurement results from one or more workpieces or pieces of measurement equipment with given specifications [i.e. maximum permissible errors (MPEs) for a metrological characteristic of a measurement instrument or measurement standard, and tolerance limits for a workpiece characteristic, etc.], for proving conformance or non-conformance with the specification. The iterative method is based basically on an upper bound strategy, i.e. overestimation of the uncertainty at all levels, but the iterations control the amount of overestimation. Intentional overestimation and not underestimation, is necessary to prevent wrong decisions based on measurement results. The amount of overestimation is controlled by economical evaluation of the situation. The iterative method is a tool to maximize profit and minimize cost in the metrological activities of a company. The iterative method/procedure is economically self-adjusting and is also a tool to change/reduce existing uncertainty in measurement with the aim of reducing cost in metrology (manufacture). The iterative method makes it possible to compromise between risk, effort and cost in uncertainty estimation and budgeting.
Abstract
Overview
ISO 14253-2:2011 provides guidance for estimating measurement uncertainty in the context of Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS). Built on the principles of the GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement), this standard introduces a practical, iterative procedure called PUMA (Procedure for Uncertainty MAnagement). Its purpose is to help industry consistently produce uncertainty statements for calibration of measuring equipment and for measurement of workpiece GPS characteristics to support international comparison and reliable conformance decisions.
Key Topics
- PUMA (iterative GUM method): A simplified, iterative approach to estimate uncertainty that intentionally uses an upper-bound strategy (controlled overestimation) to avoid wrong decisions based on underestimated uncertainty. Iterations balance risk, effort and cost.
- Scope of use: Uncertainty statements for single results, comparisons of results, and conformance/non‑conformance against specifications (e.g., tolerance limits and MPEs).
- Uncertainty components and budgeting: Guidance on identifying sources of error, building uncertainty budgets, and combining components into combined standard uncertainty (u) and expanded uncertainty (U).
- Type A and Type B evaluations: Practical advice on statistical (Type A) and non-statistical (Type B) estimation of uncertainty components.
- Black-box and transparent-box models: Two complementary models for treating complex measurement methods - either representing uncertainties by their net effect or explicitly modelling input–output relationships.
- Practical tools & examples: Annexes include worked examples (calibration of a setting ring, calibration hierarchies, roundness measurement) and guidance for documentation and reporting.
Applications
- Calibration laboratories preparing uncertainty statements for measuring equipment or measurement standards.
- Manufacturing and quality assurance teams verifying product tolerances and making go/no‑go decisions based on GPS.
- Metrology departments designing measurement procedures, optimizing measurement processes, and implementing uncertainty budgets.
- Procurement and supplier/purchaser relationships, where consistent uncertainty reporting is needed for international comparison and acceptance criteria.
- Useful for planning measurement strategy to control cost, risk and measurement effort while ensuring defensible conformance decisions.
Related standards
- ISO 14253-1 - Decision rules for proving conformance or non‑conformance
- ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 (GUM) - Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement
- ISO 14660-1, ISO/IEC Guide 99 (VIM) and other parts of ISO 14253 (Parts 3 and 4) for complementary GPS and verification guidance
Keywords: ISO 14253-2:2011, GPS measurement uncertainty, PUMA, measurement uncertainty estimation, calibration, metrology, uncertainty budgeting.
Технические детали
- Технический комитет
- ISO/TC 213 - Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification
- SKU
- ISO 14253-2:2011
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