ISO 16714:2008

Overview

ISO 16714:2008 specifies terminology and a calculation method to determine the recyclability and recoverability rates of earth-moving machinery (as defined in ISO 6165). Both rates are expressed as a mass fraction in percent of the machine that can potentially be recycled, reused or recovered (energy recovery). The method is intended for use by manufacturers from the time a machine is put on the market and supports lifecycle and end-of-life planning for heavy equipment.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and definitions: Precise terms such as dismantlability, re-use/remanufacturing, recyclability, recoverability, and end-of-life machine are defined to ensure consistent calculations.
• Four-step calculation method:
  • Pretreatment (mP) - remove fluids, batteries, oil filters, tyres, catalytic converters, etc.
  • Dismantling (mD) - recover reusable/recyclable components (engine, hydraulic components, cab, boom, counterweight, suspension, etc.), subject to dismantlability (accessibility, fastening, proven techniques).
  • Metals separation (mM) - account for remaining ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
  • Non-metallic residue treatment (mTr, mTe) - classify non-metallic residue as recyclable or energy-recoverable.
• Materials breakdown: Classify mass into metals, polymers (excl. elastomers), elastomers, glass, fluids, modified organic natural materials (MONM) and others.
• Calculation formulas:
  • Recyclability rate R_cyc = (mP + mD + mM + mTr) / mS × 100
  • Recoverability rate R_cov = (mP + mD + mM + mTr + mTe) / mS × 100
  • where mS is total shipping mass per ISO 6016.
• Proven technologies requirement: Items are only considered recyclable/recoverable if linked to proven recycling, remanufacturing or energy recovery technologies.
• Normative references: ISO 6016 (mass measurement) and ISO 6165 (machine types/terms).

Applications and who uses this standard

• Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) - to quantify and improve machine recyclability during design and for product declarations.
• Sustainability and eco-design teams - benchmark environmental performance and guide material selection and assembly methods.
• Recyclers and dismantlers - align dismantling practices and acceptance criteria with manufacturer declarations.
• Regulators and procurement bodies - assess end-of-life performance for compliance or purchasing specifications.
• Industry analysts and CSR reporting - include standardized recyclability/recoverability metrics in sustainability reports.

Practical benefits include improved end-of-life planning, clearer material/component recovery paths, better design-for-recycling decisions, and consistent, auditable metrics for environmental claims.

Related standards

• ISO 22628:2002 - Recyclability and recoverability calculation method for road vehicles (comparable methodology)
• ISO 6016 - Methods for measuring masses of whole machines
• ISO 6165 - Earth-moving machinery basic types and terms

Keywords: ISO 16714, earth-moving machinery, recyclability, recoverability, calculation method, recyclability rate, recoverability rate, end-of-life, dismantlability, materials breakdown.