ISO 19103:2024

Overview - ISO 19103:2024 (Conceptual schema language)

ISO 19103:2024 specifies provisions for using a conceptual schema language to model geographic information. The standard selects a subset of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and defines a dedicated UML profile for conceptual schemas. It also publishes a set of core data types intended for consistent use across conceptual schemas describing geographic information. The standard targets the creation, exchange and conformance assessment of conceptual schemas in geospatial systems.

Key technical topics and requirements

• UML profile and subset: Defines how UML is restricted and profiled for geographic information modelling, including naming rules and allowed notation.
• Classifiers and features: Rules for modelling Classes, Data types, Enumerations, Interfaces, Properties and Operations.
• Relationships: Guidance for Associations, Generalizations, Realizations and Template bindings as used in conceptual schemas.
• Packages and diagrams: Provisions for package and class diagrams, comments and diagram usage specific to GIS conceptual models.
• Constraints and conformance: Formal conformance rules and a normative abstract test suite to validate conceptual schemas against the ISO 19103 profile.
• Reusable types / Core data types: A curated set of abstract data types (e.g., Date, DateTime, UUID, URI/IRI, Measure, Vector, Integer, Decimal, Boolean, etc.) tailored to geographic information modelling.
• Interoperability considerations: Mapping relations to ISO/IEC 11404 and informative annexes on backward compatibility, UML notation and conceptual schema representations.

Practical applications and benefits

• Standardizes how organizations express domain concepts in GIS data models, improving clarity and reusability.
• Enables consistent conceptual schema exchange between agencies, vendors and software tools.
• Supports interoperability between data models and implementations by prescribing core data types and UML modelling constraints.
• Facilitates automated conformance testing, model validation and model-driven engineering pipelines in geospatial software development.
• Useful as a foundation for designing metadata, data schemas, application schema transformations, and system integration.

Who should use ISO 19103:2024

• GIS data architects, geospatial modelers and domain analysts
• Software developers and system integrators implementing geospatial information systems
• Standards bodies, national mapping agencies and organizations developing interoperable geodata products
• Tool vendors providing UML-based modelling, validation and code-generation for GIS

Related standards and resources

• ISO/IEC 11404 (data type relations and mappings referenced in ISO 19103)
• Other ISO 191xx geographic information standards (for application schemas, metadata and services)
• Annexes in ISO 19103: normative test suite, UML notation reference, and mapping guidance for backward compatibility

Keywords: ISO 19103, conceptual schema language, UML profile, core data types, geographic information, GIS data modelling, conformance, interoperability.