ISO 1927-1:2012

Overview

ISO 1927-1:2012 provides the foundational terminology and classification system for monolithic (unshaped) refractory products. It defines terms, product types and placement methods, main raw‑material categories, and classification temperatures used to categorise dense and insulating monolithic refractories. The standard excludes raw materials and crushed/granulated refractory materials that contain no binder.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Terms and definitions: clear definitions for “monolithic (unshaped) refractory materials”, pre‑formed shapes, nature of the bond, granulometric class, yield by volume, and deflocculating agents.
• Product types & placement methods (Clause 4):
  • Refractory castables: regular, deflocculated (MCC, LCC, ULCC, NCC), chemically bonded castables; placement by casting, vibration, rodding, shotcreting.
  • Gunning materials: hydraulically, chemically or ceramic bonded mixes designed for pneumatic/mechanical projection.
  • Ramming materials and plastic refractories: ramming mixes and pre‑formed plastic blocks placed by manual or mechanical ramming.
  • Jointing materials, dry mixes, injection mixes, coatings, and taphole mixes.
• Chemical composition categories (Clause 5):
  • Alumina‑silica products, basic products (magnesia, doloma, spinel, etc.), special products (e.g., silicon carbide, zirconia), and carbon‑containing products (>1% C).
• Classification criteria (Clause 6):
  • Products are classified by (1) type/method of placement, (2) main raw material base, and (3) classification temperature.
  • Classification temperature is based on total permanent linear change after firing, with specific shrinkage thresholds (e.g., ≤1.5% for most castables/gunning; ≤2% for ramming/plastics). Temperature classes cover ranges from lower limits up to >1700 °C.
• Designation rules: the required format must include the three classification criteria (type, raw material, temperature), e.g., “dense LCC bauxite castable, rodding or self‑flow, class 1600 °C”.

Applications and users

ISO 1927-1 is essential for:

• Refractory manufacturers (product classification, data sheets)
• Quality control and testing labs (sampling, conformity checks)
• Specification writers and procurement teams (consistent product designation)
• Plant engineers and maintenance teams in steel, cement, glass, petrochemical, power generation and other high‑temperature industries for selecting and specifying monolithic refractories used in industrial linings.

Related standards

• ISO 1927 series (Parts 2–8) covers sampling, characterization, consistency, test piece prep, physical property measurement, pre‑formed shape tests, and complementary properties.
• Normative reference: ISO 565 (test sieves) is cited for granulometry.

Keywords: ISO 1927-1, monolithic refractory, unshaped refractory products, castables, gunning materials, ramming mixes, classification temperature, alumina‑silica, basic refractories, refractory designation.