ISO 1949:1987

Overview

ISO 1949:1987 - "Aircraft - Electrical connectors - Design requirements" defines general performance requirements and standardization principles for aircraft electrical connectors. The standard applies to connectors using crimped, soldered, or welded contacts that accommodate aircraft cables. It does not set a single dimensional form factor but specifies basic design, mechanical, electrical and environmental conditions of operation and the information needed in a detail specification for a particular connector range.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and definitions: Terminology for connector types (plug, receptacle), contacts (male/female), inserts, shells, polarization, intermateability and intermountability.
• Design principles: Material and finish selection, avoidance of electrolytic corrosion, and guidance on inserts and contact retention.
• Environmental performance: Classification by temperature capability (multiple temperature classes), altitude suitability (up to high operational altitudes), resistance to fluids, salt spray, dust, vibration and acceleration.
• Sealing and fireproofing: Sealing classifications (e.g., unsealed, environmentally sealed, hermetically sealed) and optional fire-resistant class for connectors required in designated fire zones.
• Mechanical specifications: Contact engagement ranges, coupling and locking mechanisms, thread forms, wire clamps, and provisions for engagement endurance (e.g., thousands of mate/unmate cycles).
• Electrical specifications: Insulation resistance, contact resistance, shell-to-shell conductivity and conductor accommodation requirements.
• Testing and quality: Sections on type-approval testing, sampling, test methods and production/quality acceptance tests. Annex A lists information required in a detail specification; Annex B provides type-approval schedules.

Keywords: ISO 1949:1987, aircraft electrical connectors, connector design requirements, crimped contacts, environmental conditions, sealing classifications, type approval testing.

Applications and who uses it

• Connector manufacturers use ISO 1949 to design and document aviation-grade connectors and prepare detail specifications for product ranges.
• Aircraft OEMs and suppliers adopt the standard for selecting and qualifying connectors in airframe and avionics systems.
• Avionics engineers and design teams reference the standard to ensure connector performance under thermal, mechanical and environmental stresses.
• Certification authorities and procurement use the requirement and test structure for type approval, acceptance testing and supplier quality audits.

Related standards

• ISO 1966 - Crimped joints for aircraft electrical cables
• ISO 2100 - Test procedures referenced throughout ISO 1949
• ISO/TR 2685 - Environmental conditions and test procedures for airborne equipment (fire resistance)
• Relevant IEC connector and electromechanical component publications

ISO 1949:1987 is practical for any program needing robust, standardized connector design and qualification practices for aerospace and high-reliability electrical interconnections.