ISO 20947-3:2023

Overview

ISO 20947-3:2023 - "Performance evaluation protocol for digital fitting systems - Part 3: Digital fitting performance - Gap" defines a protocol to evaluate the gap between a virtual garment and a virtual human model (virtual clone, virtual twin or virtual fit mannequin). The standard is intended for objective assessment of fitting performance in digital fitting systems, including visualization and measurement of gap, garment pressure and related cross‑sectional metrics. It supports consistent comparison of digital fitting tools used in design, production and retail.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and purpose: Specifies how to evaluate the space (gap) between virtual garment and virtual body in virtual cross sections to assess fit and comfort.
• Core functions (Clauses 4.2–4.7):
  • Perimeter measurement on virtual horizontal cross sections (circumference/girth).
  • Perimeter/length measurement on virtual vertical cross sections (front centre and side).
  • Gap measurement functions: circumference gap on horizontal sections and localized gap on vertical sections (side, centre front/back).
  • Tension map function to visualize surface strain distribution.
  • Garment pressure display to indicate tightness and potential comfort issues.
  • Grain display and projected cross-sectional garment view (top, front, side) for inspection.
• Quantitative evaluation (Clause 5): Describes area- and function-based methods to quantify gap and includes a method to relate virtual measures to physical gap measurements.
• Reporting (Clause 6 & Annex A): Provides a standardized format for evaluation reports to ensure repeatable comparison between systems.
• Terminology: Defines key terms such as digital fitting system, virtual garment, virtual human body, virtual cross section, gap, and garment pressure (see Clause 3).

Applications and users

• Who benefits:
  • Apparel designers and pattern engineers evaluating virtual garment fit.
  • Manufacturers selecting or validating digital fitting systems.
  • Retailers and e‑commerce platforms aiming to improve online fit guidance.
  • Educators and researchers working on fit, ergonomics and digital apparel simulation.
• Practical uses:
  • Replace or reduce physical prototyping by validating fit in virtual space.
  • Compare different digital fitting solutions using standardized gap and pressure metrics.
  • Improve wearer comfort and sizing decisions through objective gap and pressure analysis.

Related standards

• ISO 20947 series (this document is Part 3) - see related parts for broader digital fitting requirements.
• Definitions reference: ISO 20947-2:2020 (virtual garment) and ISO 18825-1:2016 (virtual human body).
• Prepared by ISO/TC 133 (Clothing sizing systems).

Keywords: ISO 20947-3:2023, digital fitting systems, virtual garment, virtual human body, virtual fit mannequin, gap measurement, garment pressure, virtual cross section, performance evaluation protocol.