ISO 22400-2:2014

Overview

ISO 22400-2:2014 is part of the ISO 22400 series and defines a selected set of key performance indicators (KPIs) for manufacturing operations management. The standard provides definitions and structured descriptions of KPIs in current industrial practice. Each KPI record in ISO 22400-2 includes its formula, time behaviour, unit/dimension and other attributes, plus the intended user group and applicable production methodology. For equipment-related measures the standard aligns KPI elements with work units as specified in IEC 62264 (ISA‑95).

Key topics and technical requirements

• KPI structure and attributes: standardized fields such as name/title, application, timing, formula, unit/dimension, rating, drill-down/analysis, user group, effect model and manufacturing type.
• Comprehensive element glossary: time elements (planned vs actual), maintenance terms (TTF, TBF, TTR, corrective/preventive maintenance), and logistical/quality/organizational terms (PQ, WIP, FGI, scrap, GP, IP).
• KPI catalogue: explicit KPI definitions and descriptions including - but not limited to - Worker efficiency, Allocation ratio, Throughput rate, Utilization efficiency, Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Availability, Quality ratio, First pass yield, Machine/process capability indices, Inventory turns, Production loss ratios, Mean time to failure/restore.
• Measurement rigor: each KPI is presented with its formula and supporting elements so organizations can consistently calculate, compare and integrate KPIs into manufacturing execution systems (MES) and dashboards.
• Effect models and analysis: annexes provide parameter‑indicator matrices and effect model diagrams to support root-cause analysis and performance improvement.

Practical applications

ISO 22400-2 is designed to be practical and actionable for:

• Implementing consistent production KPIs across plants and supply chains
• Standardizing KPI calculations for MES, SCADA and industrial automation systems
• Benchmarking and performance dashboards (OEE, throughput, availability)
• Supporting continuous improvement programs (Lean, Six Sigma), maintenance strategy (predictive vs corrective) and energy/efficiency monitoring
• Enabling interoperable KPI reporting and data exchange aligned with IEC 62264/ISA‑95 models

Who should use this standard

• Plant managers, operations managers and production engineers
• Industrial automation and MES integrators
• Maintenance and reliability engineers
• Quality and process improvement teams
• IT architects building manufacturing analytics and KPI dashboards

Related standards

• IEC 62264 (ISA‑95) - manufacturing / MES integration models and work unit definitions
• Other parts of the ISO 22400 series (overview and concepts) for broader KPI framework and implementation guidance

Keywords: ISO 22400-2, KPIs for manufacturing, manufacturing operations management KPIs, OEE, throughput, availability, inventory turns, IEC 62264, MES, production KPIs.