ISO 25451:2026

Overview

ISO 25451:2026 - Ships and Marine Technology: Technical Requirements and Guidelines for Seafloor Mapping with Uncrewed Marine Vehicles provides standardized procedures and technical guidelines for conducting seafloor mapping using uncrewed marine vehicles (UMVs), including both uncrewed surface vehicles (USVs) and uncrewed underwater vehicles (UUVs). This international standard supports safe, reliable, and accurate seafloor data collection in estuaries, offshore zones, and open sea environments. Key aspects covered include navigation and positioning, vehicle and instrument setup, survey methods, bathymetric measurement, and survey data management.

Key Topics

• Navigation and Positioning: Recommends the use of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), ultra-short baseline (USBL), and long baseline (LBL) acoustic positioning to ensure accurate vessel location. The document outlines accuracy requirements for both surface and underwater operations.
• Vehicle Assembly and Inspection: Sets standards for pre-launch inspection and readiness of uncrewed vehicles, ensuring system integrity, watertightness, and instrument functionality.
• Survey Parameter Setting: Details configuration for survey instruments such as single-beam and multi-beam echo sounders, with attention to calibration, sonar alignment, and relevant system offsets.
• Survey Planning: Provides methodologies for mission line planning (parallel to isobaths or perpendicular to currents), crossline design, and full survey network coverage.
• Data Collection and Processing: Specifies requirements for data cleaning, outlier detection, correction protocols (sound velocity, tide height), and the structure of final datasets.
• Operational Guidelines: Addresses launch and recovery procedures, communication system installation, and compliance with safety and regulatory frameworks such as COLREGs.

Applications

ISO 25451:2026 is highly relevant to the following applications in the marine industry:

• Hydrographic Surveys: Facilitates the creation of bathymetric maps and supports the development of nautical charts for navigational safety.
• Offshore Engineering: Supports seabed mapping required for oil and gas exploration, wind farm site assessment, and subsea cable or pipeline installation.
• Marine Research: Provides a robust framework for oceanographic studies, habitat mapping, and environmental monitoring.
• Resource Exploration: Assists in locating seabed mineral resources and evaluating subsea geological structures.
• Regulatory and Compliance: Ensures uniform survey practices and reporting standards across international marine projects.

By providing a standard approach to uncrewed marine vehicle operation and seafloor mapping, the document enhances data consistency, survey efficiency, and marine operational safety.

Related Standards

For comprehensive marine surveys and technology projects, ISO 25451:2026 references and complements several other key standards and best practices:

• ISO/TS 23860: Autonomous ship systems – Vocabulary.
• ISO 5411:2024: Terminology and requirements for submersible vehicles.
• ISO 19111:2019: Geographic information – Referencing by coordinates.
• IHO S-44 (Edition 6.2.0): International standards for hydrographic surveys.
• IMCA S-003 & S-017: Guidelines for using multibeam echo sounders and USBL systems in offshore surveys.
• IMCA S-027: Use of GNSS for tide calculations.
• IMO COLREGs: Navigation regulations for preventing ship collisions.
• UKHO Hydrographic Survey Specification: Additional best practices for seabed mapping projects.

By adhering to ISO 25451:2026 alongside these standards, organizations can ensure that seafloor mapping with uncrewed marine vehicles is conducted to the highest standards of precision, safety, and efficiency.