ISO 8216-1:2024

Overview

ISO 8216-1:2024 specifies the detailed classification of marine fuels within Class F (fuels). Intended to be read with ISO 8216‑99, this part defines the category codes, family designations and key characteristics used to classify distillate and residual marine fuels supplied worldwide. The standard reflects recent transitions in marine fuel composition, including fuels derived from renewable sources and blends containing fatty acid methyl ester (FAME).

Key topics and requirements

• Classification structure: Products are designated by a code beginning with “ISO‑F‑” plus:
  • family letter: D (distillate) or R (residual);
  • application letter: M for marine (or F when fuel contains FAME);
  • additional letters/numbers indicating grade, kinematic viscosity (mm2/s at 50 °C) and sulfur content.
• Viscosity and sulfur indicators: RM grades include a number indicative of maximum kinematic viscosity and a suffix for maximum sulfur; the letter H denotes sulfur > 0.50% by mass. RF grades use a viscosity number indicative of the maximum viscosity.
• FAME considerations: Some distillate and residual categories permit FAME content where the amount is agreed between buyer and seller and aligned with OEM guidance. The 2024 edition increases the maximum FAME content of ISO‑F‑DF grades up to 100% by mass.
• Specific categories: Examples include emergency distillate (DMX - no residuum, free of FAME), general-purpose distillates (DMA, DMB, DMZ) and residual fuel groupings (RMA, RME, RMG, RMK, RF20–RF700 series).
• Table-driven classification: Table 1 in the standard provides the full, detailed matrix of categories, viscosity and sulfur thresholds and remarks for each code.

Applications and users

ISO 8216-1:2024 is used by:

• Ship owners and operators for fuel procurement and compatibility decisions
• Marine fuel suppliers and bunkering operators for product labeling and supply chain compliance
• Engine and equipment OEMs and classification societies to advise acceptable fuel types and limits (e.g., FAME content)
• Laboratories and fuel testing services for sampling, testing and reporting against classified categories
• Regulators and policy makers establishing fuel-sulfur rules and implementation guidance

Practical uses include fuel specification during contracts, bunkering quality control, conformity checks against emission regulations, and guidance on allowable renewable fuel blends.

Related standards

• ISO 8216‑99 (general classification rules)
• ISO 8217 (specifications of marine fuels)
• ISO 8681 (method of classification for petroleum products)

Keywords: ISO 8216-1:2024, marine fuels classification, FAME, bunkering, residual fuels, distillate fuels, kinematic viscosity, sulfur content, ISO 8217.