Name: ISO 2448:1998 — Fruit and vegetable products — Determination of ethanol content
SKU: ISO 2448:1998
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ISO 2448:1998 PDF — Fruit and vegetable products — Determination of ethanol content — GOST Standards

Scope and Applicability ISO 2448:1998 covers the chemical analysis of ethanol in fruit and vegetable-derived products, such as juices, purees, jams, and marmalades. It excludes products with ethanol content exceeding 5% by mass.
Definition of Ethanol Content Ethanol content is determined by mass percentage in solid products and grams per 100 ml in liquid products.
Method Principle The method involves steam distillation to separate ethanol from the product, followed by oxidation using potassium dichromate in sulfuric acid. The excess dichromate is then quantified by a redox titration with ammonium iron(II) sulfate, using iron(II)-1,10-phenanthroline as an indicator.
Reagents and Apparatus The standard specifies the use of analytical grade reagents including sulfuric acid, potassium dichromate, ammonium iron(II) sulfate, and potassium permanganate. Required laboratory apparatus include distillation units, volumetric flasks, burettes, pipettes, and balances capable of precise measurements.
Sample Preparation Solid and thick products must be homogenized gently to avoid heating, while liquid products require thorough mixing. Samples should be representative and handled to prevent any alteration prior to testing.
Testing Procedure The process includes:
- Distillation of the test sample under alkaline conditions to collect ethanol in a volumetric flask
- Oxidation of ethanol in the distillate with potassium dichromate solution in sulfuric acid medium
- Back titration of unreacted dichromate with ammonium iron(II) sulfate until a color change indicates the endpoint
Special Considerations For products containing essential oils, a modified procedure outlined in Annex A ensures the removal of oils before titration to avoid turbidity and inaccurate results.
Result Expression and Repeatability The ethanol content is calculated with precise formulas for both solids and liquids. The method guarantees repeatability with results differing by no more than 1% on average for the same sample tested independently.

ISO 2448:1998

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