ISO 4880:1997

Overview - ISO 4880:1997 (Burning behaviour of textiles - Vocabulary)

ISO 4880:1997 is an international vocabulary standard that defines terms used when testing the burning behaviour of textiles and textile products. Published by ISO/TC 38 (Textiles), Subcommittee SC 19 (Burning behaviour), this second edition replaces the 1984 edition and provides a consistent, bilingual (English/French) set of definitions to support test methods, reporting and regulatory work.

Key topics and technical terms

The standard organizes terminology in alphabetical order (English preferred terms) and follows the ISO 10241 preparation/layout format. Important technical topics and entries include:

• Burning behaviour and fire behaviour - overall physical/chemical changes when material is exposed to an ignition source or uncontrolled fire.
• Heat release / calorific values - actual calorific value and calorific potential (expressed in joules per kilogram).
• After-flame / afterflame time and afterglow / afterglow time - persistence of flaming or glowing after ignition source removal (times expressed in seconds).
• Burned area, damaged area, damaged length - definitions and typical units (square centimetres/metres, centimetres).
• Flame, flame spread, flame spread rate, flame spread time - zone and propagation metrics (rate expressed in metres per second).
• Flame resistance, flame retardant, flame‑retardant treatment - material properties and treatments for reducing or delaying flaming.
• Fire hazard / fire risk, ease of ignition, exposure time - concepts used in safety assessment and test protocols.
• Char / char length and pyrolysis-related residues.
• Notes indicate deprecated terms (e.g., “burning rate”, “self‑extinguishing”) and recommend preferred wording to avoid ambiguity.

Applications and users

ISO 4880:1997 is a reference vocabulary used to:

• Standardize terminology in textile test laboratories and test reports.
• Support manufacturers and R&D teams developing flame-retardant textiles and safety treatments.
• Assist regulators, certification bodies, and specifiers who rely on consistent definitions across standards.
• Aid fire safety engineers and researchers comparing results and methods across countries and industries.

Related standards

• ISO 10241 - format and preparation of terminology entries (referenced by ISO 4880).
• Developed under ISO/TC 38, Subcommittee SC 19 - useful context for linked textile burning-behaviour test standards.

ISO 4880:1997 helps ensure consistent use of terms such as “flammability”, “flame spread rate”, “calorific potential” and “flame retardant” across testing, certification and product documentation for textile fire safety.