ISO/IEC 23008-12:2025/Amd 2:2026

Overview

ISO/IEC 23008-12:2025/Amd 2:2026 introduces a significant enhancement for image file storage and transmission with the Low-overhead Image File Format. Developed by the ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, this amendment to the High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF) standard focuses on reducing metadata and structural overhead for small and simple images. The primary goals include optimizing file size, supporting efficient tiling for large images, enabling direct access to image regions, and further improving bandwidth and storage efficiency in heterogeneous environments.

Key Topics

• Low-overhead Image File Format Designed to minimize metadata and structural overhead, making it ideal for scenarios where image size and simple structure are priorities.

• MinimizedImageBox An efficient alternative to the MetaBox for small files, allowing compliance with HEIF while reducing unnecessary file bloat.

• Tiled Image Item ('tili') Allows images to be split into independently coded, uniformly sized tiles, supporting multi-dimensional (e.g., 2D, 3D, or hyperspectral) images and enabling precise retrieval or update of specific regions without decoding the full image.

• TiledImageConfigurationProperty ('tilC') Describes tile size, dimensions, and associated properties, ensuring flexible storage and retrieval strategies for complex images.

• DataEntryTiledItemBox and TiledImageOffsetTable Provide mechanisms for efficiently addressing and accessing individual tiles, whether stored locally or referenced via URLs on external servers.

• Expanded Channel and Subsampling Support Enhanced definitions for color, alpha, and depth channels, along with flexible subsampling options, cater to a broad variety of imaging needs.

• Compound and Union of Regions New methods for representing and associating logical groupings of regions within an image, providing robust support for advanced image annotation and object relationships.

Applications

The features introduced in this amendment deliver practical value across a wide array of information technology and multimedia applications, including:

• Web and Mobile Imaging: Deliver fast-loading, small image files optimized for minimal overhead, improving performance for users in bandwidth-limited environments.

• Cloud Storage and CDN Delivery: Store large, high-resolution or multi-dimensional images as independently addressable tiles, enabling efficient access and on-demand loading at various resolutions or regions.

• Geospatial and Remote Sensing: Facilitate the storage and retrieval of massive imagery datasets, including hyperspectral and multi-layered data, with direct access to specific geographic areas or spectral bands.

• Medical and Scientific Imaging: Support advanced annotation techniques and efficient region-of-interest retrieval for complex diagnostic workflows or research image repositories.

• Interactive Editing and AI Applications: Enable fast, precise manipulation and processing of image regions without requiring complete image decoding or re-encoding.

Related Standards

To ensure broad interoperability and future-proofing, ISO/IEC 23008-12:2025/Amd 2:2026 aligns with and extends several key standards:

• ISO/IEC 23008-12 (HEIF): Core standard for high-efficiency image storage and delivery.

• ISO/IEC 23001-17: Defines component formats referred to in channel descriptions.

• ISO/IEC 14496-12: Provides definitions used for tracks and media data box structures.

• IETF RFC 1951: Used for optional metadata compression (deflate algorithm).

• JPEG 2000, H.265/HEVC, and other image codecs: Supported through flexible codec assignment per tile or image item.

Adoption of this amendment helps organizations optimize image workflows for efficiency, scalability, and adaptability across diverse application domains, from web and mobile to cloud and scientific settings.