ISO/IEC 23090-12:2023

Overview

ISO/IEC 23090-12:2023 - “Information technology - Coded representation of immersive media - Part 12: MPEG Immersive Video (MIV)” specifies the syntax, semantics and decoding processes for MPEG Immersive Video (MIV) as an extension of ISO/IEC 23090-5 (V3C). The standard enables storage, distribution and playback of a three‑dimensional (3D) scene with six degrees of freedom (6DoF) within a limited range of viewing positions and orientations. It defines bitstream formats, parsing rules and reconstruction workflows required to render viewports from encoded immersive content.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Extension of V3C: Builds on ISO/IEC 23090-5 (V3C) to specify MIV-specific constraints and extensions.
• Bitstream and container formats: Definitions for V3C units, NAL units, V3C bitstream formats and sample stream layouts.
• Atlas and tile management: Syntax and processes for atlas frames, partitioning into tiles, tile scanning and patch mapping.
• Video component decoding: Decoding processes for atlas data, occupancy video, geometry video, attribute video and packed video; common atlas data flows.
• Patch and block mapping: Procedures to derive patch data and block-to-patch maps used for reconstruction and rendering.
• Parsing, adaptation and extraction: Sub‑bitstream extraction, parsing rules, pre/post reconstruction and adaptation processes for playback and streaming.
• Profiles, tiers and levels: Annexed normative profiles to guide interoperability and conformance testing.
• Reference tools and guidance: Includes normative annexes such as sample stream formats, a hypothetical reference decoder, supplemental enhancement information and informative guidance on rendering and volumetric usability.

Practical applications

• 6DoF VR/AR streaming and playback: Deliver immersive scenes allowing positional and orientational freedom within constrained volumes.
• Free‑viewpoint video and virtual production: Support multi‑camera captures and rendering of re‑projectable views for production workflows.
• Telepresence, training and simulation: High‑fidelity volumetric scenes for realistic remote interaction and immersive simulation environments.
• Edge and cloud streaming platforms: Adaptation and sub‑bitstream extraction enable efficient delivery to heterogeneous devices and networks.

Who should use ISO/IEC 23090-12:2023

• Codec and encoder/decoder developers implementing MPEG Immersive Video (MIV).
• Streaming and media platform architects building delivery pipelines for volumetric and immersive content.
• VR/AR application developers, hardware vendors, content studios, and researchers working with 3D capture, rendering and 6DoF playback.
• Standards and interoperability testers validating conformance to MIV profiles and sample stream formats.

Related standards

• ISO/IEC 23090-5 (V3C and V‑PCC) - normative reference and foundation for MIV.
• Other parts of the ISO/IEC 23090 series covering coded representation of immersive media.

Keywords: ISO/IEC 23090-12, MPEG Immersive Video, MIV, V3C, 6DoF, immersive video standard, atlas, bitstream, decoding, volumetric video.