ISO/IEC 23090-14:2025

Overview

ISO/IEC 23090-14:2025 - "Information technology - Coded representation of immersive media - Part 14: Scene description" defines extensions to scene description formats to support MPEG media, with a focus on immersive media (VR/AR/volumetric). The standard specifies scene description format syntax and semantics, a timing and processing model for Presentation Engines, and a media access function (MAF) API to connect scene presentation logic with media delivery and buffering. While tailored for ISO/IEC 12113 (glTF-based scene formats), the extensions are applicable to other scene description systems.

Key Topics and Requirements

• Scene description extensions: Generic and domain-specific extensions such as MPEG_media, MPEG_accessor_timed, MPEG_buffer_circular, and MPEG_scene_dynamic for synchronized media handling.
• Visual and mesh features: MPEG_texture_video, MPEG_mesh_linking, and carriage formats for glTF JSON, glTF objects, mesh correspondence, pose & weight - enabling timed textures, mesh linking, and shadow/mesh associations.
• Audio and spatialization: MPEG_audio_spatial extensions and audio attenuation models to support immersive audio rendering.
• Timing and synchronization: A defined timing model and animation timing extensions to align media samples, animations, and interactive state.
• MAF API and buffer model: A Media Access Function API and buffer API that standardize communication between the Presentation Engine and media sources/decoders.
• Carriage formats & brands: Packaging rules for carrying scene items, glTF patches, animation samples, and related metadata in media containers.
• Advanced features: AR anchoring, interactivity semantics, avatar definitions and processing, lighting semantics and processing models.
• Annexes: JSON schema references, attribute registries, real-time media support, glTF extension examples, and MPEG-I media support.

Practical Applications

• Implementing interoperable VR/AR scene players and Presentation Engines that integrate MPEG-encoded video, audio and object streams.
• Enabling streaming platforms and content providers to package immersive experiences with standardized timing, buffering, and carriage formats.
• Assisting game engines, 3D application developers, and device manufacturers in supporting synchronized media textures, spatial audio and avatar/lighting semantics.
• Guiding tooling and authoring vendors to export glTF scenes with MPEG-aware extensions for delivery over MPEG containers and delivery mechanisms.

Who Should Use This Standard

• Developers of immersive media players, Presentation Engines, and media frameworks
• Content authors and VFX/AR/VR producers using glTF and MPEG codecs
• Streaming service architects and device OEMs implementing MPEG-based delivery
• Standards implementers and tool vendors seeking interoperability for spatial audio, timed textures, avatars, AR anchoring and real-time scene updates

Related Standards (if applicable)

• ISO/IEC 12113 (glTF scene description) - target format for many extensions in this document
• MPEG and MPEG-I media specifications (referenced for media formats and delivery)

Keywords: ISO/IEC 23090-14:2025, scene description, immersive media, MPEG, glTF, Presentation Engine, MAF API, carriage format, AR anchoring, spatial audio, mesh linking.