EN ISO 18754:2022 PDF

Overview

EN ISO 18754:2022 (adopted by CEN) defines standardized test methods for measuring density and apparent porosity of fine ceramics, including advanced/technical ceramics and ceramic matrix composites. The standard describes two measurement routes:

• Method A - liquid displacement (Archimedes' method) to determine bulk density, apparent solid density and apparent porosity (with impregnation by boiling or vacuum).
• Method B - geometric method to determine bulk density only, by measuring mass and linear dimensions.

This standard supersedes earlier EN standards and aligns with ISO 18754:2020; it is intended for use in laboratory testing, quality control and materials characterization.

Key topics and requirements

• Measured properties: bulk density, apparent solid density, apparent porosity, geometric bulk density.
• Two methods:
  • Method A (liquid displacement / Archimedes') - requires drying, impregnation, immersed apparent mass and soaked mass measurements. Impregnation can be by boiling (A1) or vacuum (A2).
  • Method B (geometric) - mass plus dimensional measurement to compute bulk volume and density.
• Limitations & notes:
  • Method A is not appropriate for apparent porosity > 10%; accuracy may be poor for higher porosity.
  • Method A may be unreliable for open porosity < 0.5% or average pore size > 600 µm.
• Apparatus examples: drying oven (110 ± 5 °C), high-precision balance (accuracy to 0.1 mg for small samples or 0.001% for >10 g), calibrated thermometer, suitable immersion liquid (water or compatible organic liquid), sample baskets.
• Specimen requirements: general specimen preparation, with additional geometry/size requirements for ceramic matrix composites.
• Traceability & competence: references to normative documents such as ISO 386, ISO 758, ISO 13385-1 and ISO/IEC 17025 for measurement equipment and laboratory competence.

Applications and users

This standard is practical for:

• Materials testing and R&D labs characterizing advanced ceramics and ceramic matrix composites.
• Quality control in ceramic manufacturing and sintering process monitoring.
• Certification and acceptance testing where density and porosity influence mechanical, thermal or electrical performance.
• Laboratories seeking ISO/IEC 17025 accredited methods for density/porosity measurements.

Keywords: EN ISO 18754:2022, fine ceramics, advanced ceramics, density, apparent porosity, Archimedes' method, bulk density, apparent solid density, ceramic matrix composites.

Related standards

• ISO 18754:2020 (original international text)
• ISO 386 - laboratory thermometers
• ISO 758 - density of liquid chemical products
• ISO 13385-1 - dimensional measuring equipment
• ISO/IEC 17025 - testing laboratory competence