Overview
EN ISO 19334:2011 (ISO 19334:2010) defines a gas‑chromatographic method for analysis of gum rosin used as binders for paints and varnishes. The procedure converts rosin acids to volatile methyl esters (using tetramethylammonium hydroxide, TMAH) and separates them by capillary gas chromatography (GC) with a flame‑ionization detector (FID). The standard is intended primarily to identify gum rosin from specific pine species, not for precise quantitative assay of rosin content.
Keywords: EN ISO 19334:2011, gum rosin, gas‑chromatographic analysis, rosin acids, capillary GC, TMAH, methyl esters.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope: Identification of gum rosins by profile of rosin acid methyl esters; not designed for absolute quantitation.
- Sample handling: Follow representative sampling per GB 8145, ASTM D 509 or Naval Stores Act procedures; use freshly broken rosin to avoid oxidation.
- Derivatization: Conversion of rosin acids to methyl esters using TMAH (24% or diluted 6% in methanol). ISO 19334 specifies the TMAH approach (safer alternative to diazomethane).
- GC setup (typical conditions given):
- Column: fused‑silica BDS, 25 m × 0.32 mm, 0.20 µm film
- Column temperature: isothermal at 195 °C
- Injection port: 300 °C (glass splitter liner), split ratio 40:1, inject 0.5–1.0 µL
- Detector: FID at 280 °C; carrier gas hydrogen or helium (linear flow ≈ 40 cm/s)
- Calculation and reporting: Report area percent of individual rosin acid methyl esters (nearest 0.1%) and identify gum rosin by comparison with the standard’s reference chromatograms and Table 1. Include any deviations from the method and test date.
Applications and users
- Quality control laboratories in coatings, adhesives and varnish manufacturers for raw‑material identification.
- Raw material suppliers and procurement teams to verify pine species origin of gum rosin.
- Analytical and research labs performing compositional profiling of rosin acids.
- Regulatory or forensic investigations where botanical identification of rosin is required.
Note: For quantitative determinations of rosin acids, use the internal‑standard technique such as ASTM D5974.
Related standards
- ASTM D 509 - Sampling and grading of rosin
- ASTM D 5974 - Internal‑standard capillary GC for quantitative fatty and rosin acids
- GB 8145 - Rosin test methods
EN ISO 19334:2011 provides a reproducible capillary GC workflow for gum rosin identification, emphasizing safe methylation (TMAH), clear reporting, and comparison to reference chromatograms for species-level discrimination.