ISO 11451-2:2015 PDF

ISO 11451-2:2015 - Overview

ISO 11451-2:2015 specifies a test method for assessing the immunity of passenger cars and commercial vehicles to narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy from off-vehicle radiation sources. Applicable across propulsion types (spark ignition, diesel, hybrid, electric), the standard defines practical procedures, instrumentation and test set‑ups to simulate real-world radiated electromagnetic disturbances and verify vehicle electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and frequency range: Covers narrowband radiated fields from 0.01 MHz to 18 000 MHz; users select required severity levels for the frequency range.
• Test location: Tests are performed preferably in an absorber‑lined shielded enclosure to emulate open-field conditions; outdoor sites are allowed if regulatory requirements are met.
• Field generation: Uses antennas or transmission line systems (TLS) as field‑generating devices. Multiple antennas/amplifiers may be required to cover the frequency band.
• Instrumentation: Required equipment includes RF signal generators (with modulation), high‑power amplifiers, power meters, field probes (electrically small and isotropic, with fibre‑optic links), directional couplers and loads.
• Vehicle placement & constraints:
  • Radiating elements must respect minimum clearances (e.g., antenna phase centre ≥ 2 m from vehicle reference point; no antenna parts within 0.5 m of absorbing material).
  • TLS must cover at least 75% of vehicle length and maintain prescribed separations.
• Vehicle configurations: Three setups are defined:
  • Vehicle not connected to power mains.
  • Vehicle in charging mode connected to the power grid (AC/DC, with or without communication), including use of artificial mains networks (AMN) mounted on the ground plane.
  • Vehicle charging via wireless power transmission (WPT).
• Test procedure and reporting: Field calibration, stimulation/monitoring of DUT (using low‑interaction actuators and fibre optics), and documentation of test conditions and results. Annex A provides suggested severity levels and function‑performance status classification.

Practical applications - who uses this standard

• Automotive EMC engineers validating vehicle immunity to external radiated sources.
• Test laboratories building compliant absorber‑lined shielded enclosures and TLS/antenna rigs.
• OEMs and suppliers assessing electronic control units, charging systems and vehicle-level performance during grid‑connected or WPT charging.
• Certification bodies and regulators verifying compliance with vehicle EMC requirements.

Related standards

• ISO 11451-1 - General principles and terminology for narrowband radiated energy tests.
• Other parts of ISO 11451 (Part 3: on‑board transmitter simulation; Part 4: bulk current injection) for complementary test methods.

Keywords: ISO 11451-2, vehicle EMC testing, off-vehicle radiation sources, narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy, shielded enclosure, transmission line system, antenna testing, AMN, wireless power transmission, vehicle immunity testing.