Overview
ISO 28580:2018 specifies a laboratory rolling resistance measurement method for new pneumatic tyres designed primarily for passenger cars, trucks and buses. The standard defines a single point test procedure and a method for correlating measurement results to enable reliable inter‑laboratory comparisons. It covers measurements made with tyres free‑rolling straight ahead, perpendicular to the drum surface, under steady‑state conditions. ISO 28580:2018 is not applicable to tyres intended for temporary use only and is intended to support international cooperation and potential regulatory frameworks.
Key topics and requirements
- Test scope and conditions - controlled laboratory measurement of rolling resistance and the derived rolling resistance coefficient (Cr); steady‑state, free‑rolling tests.
- Test equipment - requirements and tolerances for test drums, measuring rims, instrumentation accuracy and thermal environment (reference and alternative conditions).
- Test procedure - thermal conditioning, capped inflation, warm‑up, pressure adjustment, measurement and recording procedures.
- Parasitic losses - identification and measurement of non‑tyre system losses (aerodynamic, bearings, etc.) and methods to quantify them (skim test reading, deceleration method).
- Measurement methods - multiple data acquisition options referenced in the standard: force at the tyre spindle, torque or power at the drum axis, and deceleration‑based approaches; guidance for computing rolling resistance from each method.
- Data processing and corrections - calculation of rolling resistance, temperature correction, drum diameter correction, and reporting of measurement results.
- Alignment and correlation - requirements for machine alignment, use of reference machines (physical or virtual), alignment tyre requirements, and procedures to compute alignment corrective coefficients for inter‑laboratory correlation.
- Quality and monitoring - machine drift evaluation, inertia measurement (Annex B), runout considerations and other normative tolerances.
Applications and who uses it
ISO 28580:2018 is used by:
- Tyre manufacturers for product development and benchmarking of rolling resistance.
- Independent testing laboratories to produce comparable, traceable rolling resistance data.
- Vehicle manufacturers and fleet operators assessing tyre energy efficiency and fuel consumption impacts.
- Regulators and standards bodies developing tyre efficiency regulations and labeling programs.
- R&D groups studying tyre‑vehicle interactions and low rolling resistance technologies.
Practical benefits include consistent test results across laboratories, improved comparability of tyre efficiency claims, and support for energy and emissions reduction initiatives.
Related standards
Normative references cited in ISO 28580:2018 include ISO 4000‑1, tyre dimensional standards, ISO 4223‑1 (tyre terminology), and ISO/IEC 17025 (testing laboratory competence). Annexes provide informative methods (e.g., inertia by deceleration) and alignment/examples relevant to truck/bus tyres and machine monitoring.