ISO 934:1980 PDF

Name: ISO 934:1980 — Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of water content — Entrainment method
SKU: ISO 934:1980
Price: 25 EUR
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Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of water content — Entrainment method

Название (английский):

ISO 934:1980

Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of water content — Entrainment method

Статус документа:: Действующий
Формат:: Электронный (PDF)
Количество страниц:: 2
Дата публикации:: 1 августа 1980 г.
Издание:: ISO IS 934 edition 1 version 1
ICS:: 67.200.10

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Описание (английский):

The method is applicable to products having water content greater than or equal to 0,5 % (m/m). It consists in entraining of the water present in a test portion, by azeotropic distillation with the aid of an organic liquid not miscible with water, and measuring of the volume of water collected. A figure shows a suitable distillation apparatus.

Abstract

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Overview

ISO 934:1980 defines an entrainment (azeotropic distillation) method for determining the water content of animal and vegetable fats and oils. The method is applicable to products with water content greater than or equal to 0.5% (m/m). It is intended for laboratory use where reliable, repeatable measurement of water content is required for quality control, specification testing, or regulatory compliance.

Key Topics

Scope: Applicable to fats and oils with water content ≥ 0.5% (m/m).

Principle: Water present in a weighed test portion is entrained by azeotropic distillation with an immiscible organic solvent; the distillate collects in a graduated receiver and the water volume is read directly.

Reagent: Commercial xylene (isomers or mixtures) is specified as the entraining solvent.

Apparatus:

Short-necked flask (minimum 500 ml capacity).
Reflux condenser.
Receiver with a graduated tube of 5 ml capacity and 0.10 ml graduations.
Boiling aid such as pumice-stone fragments.

Test portion and sample preparation:

Prepare a representative sample per ISO 661.
Weigh test portions to the nearest 0.01 g; recommended test portion mass: 20 to 100 g depending on expected water content.
Add 100 to 300 ml of xylene to the flask (volume chosen according to test portion mass), ensuring solvent plus sample do not exceed half the flask volume.

Procedure highlights:

Assemble distillation apparatus and heat until xylene boils.
Collect the aqueous phase in the graduated tube until the distilled solvent is clear and no more water separates.
If frothing occurs, 1–2 g dry oleic acid or liquid paraffin may be added; clean apparatus thoroughly between runs using distilled water then acetone and dry in an air stream.

Calculation: Water content (%) = (V × 100) / m, where V is millilitres of water collected and m is grams of test portion (assumes water density ≈ 1 g/ml).

Repeatability: The difference between two determinations performed by the same analyst shall not exceed 0.1 ml of water; report the arithmetic mean if repeatability is met.

Related Standards

ISO 661: Preparation of test sample (referenced for sampling and test-sample preparation).

This International Standard supersedes ISO Recommendation R 934-1969 and was approved by IUPAC.

This concise summary highlights the practical procedure and requirements of ISO 934:1980 for accurate, repeatable water determination in animal and vegetable fats and oils using the entrainment method.

ISO 934:1980 PDF

Abstract

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Overview

Key Topics

Applications

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