Overview
ISO/TS 9651:2025 - Nanotechnologies - Classification framework for graphene‑related 2D materials is a Technical Specification that defines a standardized classification approach for graphene-related 2D materials (GR2M) used in commercial applications. The document specifies which material characteristics matter for commerce, identifies applicable measurement methods, recommends ranges where relevant, and provides a syntax for consistent naming and an applicable technical data sheet template. The framework covers both sheet-form and particle-form graphene-related 2D materials and is intended to enable transparent comparison across suppliers, users and regulators.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and purpose: Classification framework for GR2M in sheet and particle forms; intended for commercial specification and reporting rather than prescribing production processes.
- Sheet-form characteristics: includes production method, source material, sheet size, covered area, surface residue, flake grain size, Raman-based metrics (A/A peak ratio, FWHM of G and 2D peaks), mobility, sheet resistance, structural defects and rotational layer alignment.
- Particle-form characteristics: includes production method, source material, Z‑axis dimensions (thickness), number of carbon atom layers, lateral particle size and shape, particle aspect ratio, tap density, elemental composition (including oxygen content and impurities), functionalization, zeta potential, specific surface area and crystallinity.
- Measurement methods: The specification identifies applicable measurement techniques for each characteristic (e.g., microscopy, spectroscopy, electrical testing and surface area analysis) and recommends documenting the method used to ensure comparability.
- Syntax and reporting: A standardized naming syntax and a technical data sheet template are provided to ensure consistent material descriptions and minimum reporting content for easier supplier-to-customer comparisons.
Applications and who uses it
- Graphene producers and suppliers use ISO/TS 9651 to prepare standardized technical data sheets and classify product grades.
- Materials scientists and testing laboratories apply the specified measurement categories and methods to produce comparable characterization data.
- Product developers and OEMs rely on consistent property reporting (layer count, lateral size, surface area, defects) to select suitable GR2M for composites, coatings, electronics, sensors and energy applications.
- Regulators and procurement teams benefit from a harmonized classification to support registration, safety assessment and supplier evaluation.
Related standards
- ISO/TS 80004‑13 and ISO/TS 80004‑1 (nanotechnology terminology referenced in definitions)
- ISO 4618:2023 (coating terminology referenced)
- Note: ISO/TS 9651:2025 incorporates licensed guidance from the Graphene Council and complements existing nanotechnology vocabulary and measurement practice standards.
Keywords: ISO/TS 9651:2025, graphene-related 2D materials, classification framework, measurement methods, technical data sheet, nanotechnologies, graphene characterization, sheet-form graphene, particle-form graphene.