IEC 61215-2:2021

Overview

IEC 61215-2:2021 - "Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules - Design qualification and type approval - Part 2: Test procedures" defines the standardized test procedures used to qualify flat‑plate terrestrial PV modules (crystalline silicon and thin‑film) for long‑term outdoor operation. The standard’s objective is to determine electrical characteristics and, within reasonable cost/time constraints, demonstrate that modules can withstand prolonged outdoor exposure. Edition 2.0 (2021) replaces the 2016 edition and adds several new tests and updates to address bifacial, flexible and modern module technologies.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and applicability: Applies to all terrestrial flat‑plate PV module materials (crystalline and thin‑film).
• Comprehensive test sequence: Visual inspection, maximum power determination, insulation, temperature coefficients, performance at STC and low irradiance, outdoor exposure, UV preconditioning, thermal cycling, damp heat, humidity‑freeze, hail, wet leakage, stabilization and final electrical measurements (MQT 01–MQT 19+).
• New and revised tests (notable changes in 2021 edition):
  • Cyclic (dynamic) mechanical load test (MQT 20) for real‑world mechanical fatigue.
  • Potential‑induced degradation (PID) test (MQT 21) to detect voltage‑induced performance loss.
  • Bifacial module test methods and flexible module methods, including the bending test (MQT 22).
  • Revised simulator requirements to better define and minimize measurement uncertainty.
  • Corrections and clarifications such as hot‑spot endurance adjustments for monolithic thin‑film modules and selecting three diodes (instead of all) for bypass diode thermal testing (MQT 18).
  • Removal of NMOT (nominal module operating temperature) test from the series.
• Pass/fail criteria and final measurements: Each MQT includes specific measurement procedures and acceptance criteria to demonstrate design robustness and electrical stability.

Applications and users

IEC 61215-2:2021 is intended for:

• PV module manufacturers - to design, test and document product qualification for market approval.
• Independent test laboratories - to perform standardized type‑approval and reliability testing.
• Certification bodies and product certifiers - to assess compliance for labels and warranties.
• Project developers, EPCs and procurement teams - to specify module qualification requirements in tenders and technical specifications.
• R&D and QA teams - to validate new module technologies (bifacial, flexible, MLI thin‑film) and production changes.

Using these test procedures supports reliable performance claims, reduces field failures, and helps ensure long‑term return on investment for PV installations.

Related standards

• Other parts of the IEC 61215 series (design qualification and type approval)
• PV module safety and conformity standards (for example, IEC 61730 - check current IEC catalogue for the latest cross‑references)