IEC 61400-27-2:2020

Overview

IEC 61400-27-2:2020 - "Wind energy generation systems - Part 27-2: Electrical simulation models - Model validation" defines procedures to validate electrical simulation models for wind turbines and wind power plants used in power system and grid stability analyses. The validation approach is based on the tests in IEC 61400-21 and applies to the generic models in IEC 61400-27-1 as well as other fundamental‑frequency turbine and plant models.

Key technical topics and requirements

• Scope of validation
  • Model validation is targeted at model behavior at the wind turbine terminals and for wind power plants in system studies.
  • Procedures apply to both generic and vendor-specific fundamental‑frequency models.
• Fault Ride Through (FRT) capability
  • Validation covers response to balanced and unbalanced voltage dips and voltage swells.
  • Uses defined FRT windows and error statistics to compare measured and simulated responses.
• Control performance
  • Active power control, frequency control, synthetic inertia (inertia emulation) and reactive power control are explicitly addressed.
  • Validation tests reference the test procedures described in IEC 61400-21 (all parts).
• Methodologies and signal processing
  • Time‑series processing, windows error statistics, step response characteristics and settling time evaluation are part of the workflow.
  • Two validation approaches: play‑back (recorded test signals) and full‑system simulations.
• Documentation and uncertainty
  • Annexes provide templates for validation results, required simulation/model setup information, reference grid for model‑to‑model validation, and treatment of measurement and simulation uncertainties.
• Interoperability
  • Informative guidance on a generic software interface for using models across different simulation environments.

Practical applications and intended users

IEC 61400-27-2 is used to ensure that wind turbine and wind power plant electrical models reliably reproduce real device behavior for system studies. Typical users include:

• Wind turbine OEMs and model developers validating control and protection models
• TSO/DSO engineers and grid planners performing stability, FRT and grid‑integration studies
• Consulting engineers conducting model acceptance and compliance checks
• Research labs and universities developing validated models and tools
• Software vendors implementing interoperable model interfaces for power system simulators

Practical uses include model acceptance for interconnection studies, grid‑code compliance assessment, power system dynamic stability analysis, and vendor model verification before deployment in system studies.

Related standards (concise)

• IEC 61400-21 - turbine tests used as the basis for validation procedures
• IEC 61400-27-1 - generic electrical model definitions (applicability target)

For authoritative requirements and templates, obtain the full IEC 61400-27-2:2020 document from IEC or your national standards body.