Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - Part 3: Method of specifying the performance and test requirements
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - Part 3: Method of specifying the performance and test requirements
IEC 62040-3:2011 applies to movable, stationary and fixed electronic uninterruptible power systems (UPS) that deliver single or three phase fixed frequency a.c. output voltage not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. and that incorporate an energy storage system, generally connected through a d.c. link. This standard is intended to specify performance and test requirements of a complete UPS and not of individual UPS functional units. The individual UPS functional units are dealt with in IEC publications referred to in the bibliography that apply so far that they are not in contradiction with this standard. The primary function of the UPS covered by this standard is to ensure continuity of an a.c. power source. The UPS may also serve to improve the quality of the power source by keeping it within specified characteristics. UPS have been developed over a wide range of power, from less than hundred watts to several megawatts, to meet requirements for availability and quality of power to a variety of loads. Refer to Annexes A and B for information on typical UPS configurations and topologies. This standard also covers UPS test and performance when power switches form integral part of a UPS and are associated with its output. Included are interrupters, bypass switches, isolating switches, and tie switches. These switches interact with other functional units of the UPS to maintain continuity of load power. This standard does not cover: - conventional a.c. input and output distribution boards or d.c. boards and their associated switches (e.g. switches for batteries, rectifier output or inverter input); - stand-alone static transfer systems covered by IEC 62310-3; - systems wherein the output voltage is derived from a rotating machine. NOTE 1 This standard recognises that power availability to information technology (IT) equipment represents a major UPS application. The UPS output characteristics specified in this standard are therefore also aimed at ensuring compatibility with the requirements of IT equipment. This, subject any limitation stated in the manufacturer's declaration, includes requirements for steady state and transient voltage variation as well as for the supply of both linear and non-linear load characteristics of IT equipment. NOTE 2 Test loads specified in this standard simulate both linear and non-linear load characteristics. Their use is prescribed with the objective of verifying design and performance, as declared by the manufacturer, and also of minimising any complexity and energy consumption during the tests. NOTE 3 This standard is aimed at 50 Hz and 60 Hz applications but does not exclude other frequency applications within the domain of IEC 60196. This is subject to an agreement between manufacturer and purchase in respect to any particular requirements arising. NOTE 4 Single phase and three-phase voltage UPS covered by this standard include without limitation UPS supplying single-phase, two-wire; single-phase, three-wire; two-phase, three-wire, three-phase, three-wire and three-phase, four-wire loads. This second edition cancels and replaces first edition published in 1999 and constitutes a technical revision. The significant technical changes are: - reference test load - definition and application revised (3.3.5 and 6.1.1.3); - test schedule - presented as a single table grouped by revised type and routine tests (see 6.1.6, Table 3); - dynamic output voltage performance characteristics - guidance to measure - addition (Annex H); - UPS efficiency - requirements and methods of measure - addition (Annexes I and J); - functional availability - guidance for UPS reliability integrity level classification - addition (Annex K).
IEC 62040-3:2011 is an international standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) that specifies the method of defining performance and test requirements for uninterruptible power systems (UPS). This standard applies to movable, stationary, and fixed electronic UPS units delivering single- or three-phase fixed frequency AC output voltages not exceeding 1000 V. These UPS systems incorporate an energy storage system, typically connected through a DC link.
The primary purpose of IEC 62040-3:2011 is to ensure the continuity of AC power supply to critical loads, such as information technology (IT) equipment, by specifying performance parameters and standardized test procedures. It also addresses UPS configurations that include power switches like interrupters, bypass switches, isolation switches, and tie switches that help maintain power continuity.
This edition updates and replaces the 1999 version and includes significant technical revisions such as enhanced test schedules, measurement guidance for dynamic output voltage performance, efficiency requirements, and UPS functional availability.
Scope and Application
IEC 62040-3 covers UPS systems that deliver AC output voltage up to 1000 V at standard frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz, including various load configurations-single-phase and three-phase with different wiring systems. It excludes conventional AC/DC distribution boards, standalone static transfer systems, and rotating machine-derived systems.
Performance Specifications
The standard dictates test methods and performance criteria including steady-state and transient voltage variations, ensuring compatibility with both linear and non-linear loads typical in IT environments.
Test Methods
It details type, routine, site, and witness test procedures focusing on electrical, environmental, and storage conditions. Tests include input-output compatibility, energy storage capabilities, and acoustic noise levels.
UPS Switches
Comprehensive performance measures are provided for integral power switches (interrupters, bypass switches, etc.) which interact with UPS functional units to maintain uninterrupted power continuity.
Energy Storage and Efficiency
The standard specifies battery requirements and defines methods to measure UPS efficiency, aiming to optimize energy consumption in testing and operation.
Упомянутые в описании и другие стандарты IEC
Reliability and Availability
Annex K introduces guidance for classifying UPS functional availability based on reliability integrity levels, reflecting real-world operational expectations.
IEC 62040-3:2011 is essential for manufacturers, purchasers, and testing authorities involved in selecting, designing, testing, and maintaining UPS systems in a wide range of critical applications:
Information Technology and Data Centers
Ensures power supply compatibility and continuity for sensitive IT equipment by specifying strict performance and testing standards.
Industrial and Commercial Facilities
Supports operational continuity by validating UPS performance under various load conditions, including non-linear and dynamic scenarios.
Healthcare and Emergency Services
Guarantees uninterrupted power in mission-critical environments where power failure can pose severe risks.
Telecommunications
Provides performance and reliability criteria for UPS systems that support continuous communication services.
By adopting IEC 62040-3:2011, organizations can verify UPS units meet international standards for power quality, reliability, and durability, reducing downtime and operational risks.
IEC 62310-3
Specifies requirements for standalone static transfer systems, which IEC 62040-3 excludes.
IEC 60196
Covers frequency aspects relevant for UPS applications beyond the standard 50/60 Hz.
Other UPS Functional Unit Standards
Individual UPS components such as rectifiers, inverters, and batteries are covered in related IEC documents referenced within IEC 62040-3’s bibliography, provided they do not conflict with this standard.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standards
Address the electromagnetic interference aspects for UPS systems in operational environments.
IEC 62040-3:2011 is a comprehensive standard guiding the specification, performance testing, and rating of uninterruptible power systems up to 1000 V AC. It ensures UPS solutions provide reliable and stable power, especially for IT and other critical loads, through standardized test methods that simulate real-life operating conditions. This standard supports global consistency in UPS performance, enhancing system reliability and protecting operational continuity across various industries.
Keywords: IEC 62040-3, UPS standard, uninterruptible power system, UPS performance, UPS testing, AC power continuity, IT power supply, UPS efficiency, UPS reliability, IEC UPS standards.