Overview
IEC 62665:2015 defines a standardized method for embedding machine-readable text data into printed pages using a texture map so that printed documents can be decoded and rendered by auditory presentation equipment (text‑to‑speech). The standard specifies a text encoding scheme, the physical shape and dimensions for printing texture maps, printing features, decoding procedures and auditory presentation rules. Its goal is to enable interchange of documents and publications between visually impaired and non‑impaired people using ordinary print circulation.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Texture map format and elements: two‑dimensional cell patterns with alignment lines, units and a data matrix. The standard defines four sizes (XS, S, M, L) and corresponding data capacities for different error‑correction levels.
- Text encoding and decoding: a defined scheme to convert text into the texture map and back, including processing functions (e.g., SpeechioEncode / SpeechioSymbol) and examples of header files (Speechio.h).
- Control codes: distinct sets for control codes for text and control codes for speech to support pronunciation, sentence boundaries, and voice properties.
- Compression and packing: pack processing and LZSS processing are described to reduce data volume before mapping.
- Error correction: provisions and an illustrative example (Annex D) using Reed–Solomon/Galois‑field encoding to improve robustness of printed data.
- Printing guidance: physical shape, dimensions, positioning on paper, notches and margin recommendations to ensure reliable scanning/decoding.
- Auditory presentation: decoding workflow and requirements for text‑to‑speech rendering so decoded text is presented intelligibly to visually impaired users.
Applications and practical value
- Integrating accessibility into printed publications (books, manuals, flyers) so the same printed page is usable by sighted readers and, when scanned, by visually impaired users via auditory playback.
- Enabling publishers and print services to include machine‑readable texture maps that work with assistive devices and apps, increasing distribution accessibility without separate Braille versions.
- Providing a standard implementation path for assistive technology vendors, e‑publishing platforms, libraries, educational institutions and public services to support inclusive printed media.
- Improving robustness in real‑world printing/scanning environments through defined sizes, alignment, and error correction.
- E‑publishing and e‑book developers
- Assistive technology and text‑to‑speech hardware manufacturers
- Print service providers and document designers
- Accessibility consultants, libraries, and organizations serving blind and visually impaired users
- Standards and compliance teams working on inclusive publishing
Related standards
IEC 62665 complements other multimedia, e‑publishing and accessibility standards developed by IEC and ISO (see IEC TC 100 / multimedia e‑publishing work). Implementers should review applicable national accessibility regulations and related IEC/ISO multimedia standards when integrating texture maps.
Keywords: IEC 62665, texture map, auditory presentation, e‑publishing, e‑books, accessibility, text‑to‑speech, error correction, Speechio.