ISO 2060:1994

Overview

ISO 2060:1994 - "Textiles - Yarn from packages - Determination of linear density (mass per unit length) by the skein method" - specifies the standardized laboratory procedure for measuring yarn linear density (tex) using the skein method. It applies to yarns from packages (single, folded/plied, and cabled yarns) with the exception of yarns that stretch excessively or have a linear density greater than 2 000 tex. The second edition (1994) replaces the 1972 edition and includes seven optional procedures for different conditioning and preparation methods.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope & limits
  • Applicable to single, folded (plied) and cabled yarns in package form.
  • Not applicable to yarns that stretch > 0.5% when tension (cN) per tex increases from 0.5 to 1.0.
  • Not applicable to yarns > 2 000 tex.
• Skein method fundamentals
  • Linear density calculated from measured mass and length of test skeins.
  • Units: tex (report values to three significant figures).
• Conditioning and preparation
  • Seven optional procedures (unscoured vs. scoured options) based on different conditioning and drying options - procedure chosen must be agreed by all parties because different procedures yield different values. Options 1, 3 and 7 are recommended.
  • Preconditioning and conditioning use standard atmospheres per ISO 139 (typical: 20 °C, 65% RH).
• Test specimen lengths
  • Recommended skein lengths:
    • 200 m for yarns < 12.5 tex
    • 100 m for yarns 12.5–100 tex
    • 10 m for yarns > 100 tex
  • Skein lengths and tolerances elaborated in Annex A.
• Apparatus & measurement
  • Reel with traversing device (recommended perimeter 1 000 m ± 2.5 mm) and controlled winding tension.
  • Ventilated drying oven (105 °C ± 3 °C) and balance with sensitivity ≈ 1:1 000 of specimen mass.
  • Procedures for oven-dry mass, conditioned mass, cooling and weighing are specified.

Applications

• Routine yarn testing and quality control in textile manufacturing.
• Verification of vendor specifications and lot acceptance (commercial mass determinations).
• Laboratory testing for R&D, process control, and comparison of yarn batches.
• Combined testing: linear density results can be combined with skein strength or commercial mass tests if agreed skein lengths and corrections are used.

Who uses this standard

• Textile laboratories and testing services
• Yarn and fiber manufacturers
• Quality assurance managers and procurement teams
• Standards bodies and regulatory compliance groups

Related standards

• ISO 139 - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
• ISO 1144 - Designation/units (Tex System)
• ISO 1139 - Designation of yarns
• ISO 1833 and referenced analytical standards for fiber composition

Keywords: ISO 2060:1994, skein method, linear density, tex, yarn testing, textiles standard, yarn quality control.