ISO 22400-1:2014

Overview

ISO 22400-1:2014 - "Automation systems and integration - Key performance indicators (KPIs) for manufacturing operations management - Part 1: Overview, concepts and terminology" defines an industry-neutral framework for understanding and working with KPIs in Manufacturing Operations Management (MOM). Aligned with IEC 62264‑1, this part presents what a KPI is, core concepts and terminology, criteria for good KPIs, and how KPIs are used to provide decision support across Levels 1–4 of the automation hierarchy.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and context
  • KPI framework for batch, continuous and discrete industries within the MOM domain (Level 3).
  • KPIs are intended to be calculated from control-domain (Levels 1–2) data and used by MOM and enterprise domains.
• Core definitions
  • Clear definitions for KPI, element (measurement used in KPI formulas), process, manufacturing resource, interoperability and integration.
• KPI criteria - what makes a useful KPI:
  • Aligned, Balanced, Standardized, Valid, Quantifiable, Accurate, Timely, Predictive, Actionable, Trackable, Relevant, Correct, Complete.
• KPI structure and characterization
  • Concepts such as KPI composition from measurements, types by unit of measure, categories by purpose, time models, table structures and effect model diagrams.
• Exchange and interoperability
  • Abstract structures for exchanging KPI definitions and values; focus on consistent semantics for sharing KPI data.
• Relationships, dependencies and maturity
  • Models describing KPI relationships, dependencies, KPI effectiveness, and a maturity model for KPI collection and use.

Practical applications and who uses it

ISO 22400-1 is a foundational standard for anyone formalizing industrial KPI programs:

• Plant and operations managers using KPIs for real-time monitoring and continuous improvement.
• MOM/MES architects and integrators implementing KPI calculations from control systems.
• Automation and OT/IT engineers ensuring interoperability and standardized KPI exchange.
• Industrial data analysts and BI teams building dashboards, trend analysis and predictive metrics.
• Vendors of MES, SCADA and manufacturing analytics solutions aiming for consistent KPI semantics and benchmarking.

Practical uses include standardized KPI definitions for cross-site benchmarking, building reliable dashboards from control data, improving decision support in MOM, and enabling consistent KPI exchange between systems.

Related standards

• IEC 62264‑1 (MOM functional model) - defines MOM domain and hierarchical levels.
• ISO 22400‑2 - Definitions and descriptions (companion part).
• ISO 18435‑1 - referenced for integration and interoperability terminology.

Keywords: ISO 22400-1, KPI standard, manufacturing operations management, MOM KPIs, IEC 62264, industrial KPI framework, KPI criteria, KPI interoperability.