ISO 21687:2007 PDF

Name: ISO 21687:2007 — Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Determination of density by gas pyknometry (volumetric) using helium as the analysis gas — Solid materials
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Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Determination of density by gas pyknometry (volumetric) using helium as the analysis gas — Solid materials

Название (английский):

ISO 21687:2007

Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Determination of density by gas pyknometry (volumetric) using helium as the analysis gas — Solid materials

Статус документа:: Действующий
Формат:: Электронный (PDF)
Количество страниц:: 6
Дата публикации:: 28 февраля 2007 г.
Издание:: ISO IS 21687 edition 1 version 1
ICS:: 71.100.10

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Описание (английский):

ISO 21687:2007 specifies a method for the determination of the density of green and calcined petroleum coke and similar solid materials (e.g. electrodes). ISO 21687:2007 is also suitable for hydrocarbons with a high-temperature boiling range and for other solid materials. This method is not suitable for graphitized material.

Abstract

Похожие стандарты

Стандарты, упомянутые в описании

Overview

ISO 21687:2007 specifies a standardized volumetric method for the determination of the true density of solid carbonaceous materials used in aluminium production. The method uses helium gas pyknometry (volumetric) to measure the mass per unit volume of green and calcined petroleum coke, pitch-derived materials and similar solids (for example electrodes). The procedure is not suitable for graphitized materials.

This standard supports accurate material characterisation, helps estimate degree of calcination and provides reproducible results for quality control and process monitoring.

Key Topics

Scope: Density determination for green and calcined petroleum coke, hydrocarbons with high boiling range and other solid carbonaceous materials. Not applicable to graphitized material.

Principle: A ground and sieved test portion (particle size ≤ 0.063 mm) is dried, weighed and placed in a gas pyknometer. Helium is used to pressurize the analysis chamber and then expanded into a calibrated expansion chamber; pressures are recorded and the sample volume is calculated volumetrically.

Apparatus & materials: crusher, grinder, porcelain bowl, copper plate, 0.063 mm sieve (ISO 3310-1), drying oven (preferably vacuum-capable), desiccator, gas pyknometer, calibration balls, tared sample cup, analytical balance (0.1 mg), helium (≥ 99.996 % purity).

Sample preparation: Sampling follows ISO 6257, ISO 6375 or ISO 8007-1 as applicable. Samples are crushed, ground to ≤ 0.063 mm, sieved and dried (typical drying at 110 °C under reduced pressure for coke/anode materials) before analysis.

Calculation: Density ρ = m / V, where m is the dry mass and V the volume determined by pyknometry. Instruments usually report volume automatically; the standard gives the formula for manual calculation from measured pressures and calibrated chamber volumes.

Precision: Repeatability and reproducibility were established via round-robin tests (ASTM E 691). Example repeatability: pitch r = 0.003 g/cm³; coke r = 0.004 g/cm³; anodes r = 0.002 g/cm³. Reproducibility values are also provided in the standard.

Applications

Routine quality control of petroleum coke and electrode materials

Estimation of degree of calcination for process control and specification

Material acceptance testing and specification compliance

Research, development and failure analysis where true solid density is required

This method is particularly valuable when pore exclusion (accessible pore volume) and accurate solid-phase density are needed for process or product evaluation.

Related Standards

ISO 3310-1:2000 - Test sieves (mesh specification)

ISO 6257:2002 - Pitch sampling

ISO 6375:1980 - Coke for electrodes sampling

ISO 8007-1:1999 - Sampling from cathode blocks

ASTM E 691:1999 - Statistical method used for precision assessment

For implementation, follow the apparatus calibration, sample handling and reporting requirements given in the full ISO 21687:2007 text to ensure repeatable, comparable density measurements across laboratories.

ISO 21687:2007 PDF

Abstract

Похожие стандарты

Overview

Key Topics

Applications

Related Standards

Технические детали

ISO 3310-1:2000

Test sieves — Technical requirements and testing — Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth

ISO 6257:2002

Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Pitch for electrodes — Sampling

ISO 6375:1980

Carbonaceous materials for the production of aluminium — Coke for electrodes — Sampling

ISO 8007-1:1999

Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Sampling plans and sampling from individual unit…

BS ISO 3310-1:2016

Test sieves. Technical requirements and testing. Test sieves of metal wire cloth.

ISO 8007:1985

Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Sampling from cathodic blocks and prebaked anode…